Compatibility, Speciation, and Comparative Morphology in the Heterobasidiomycetes

异担子菌的相容性、物种形成和比较形态学

• 批准号: 8918466
• 负责人: Kenneth Wells
• 金额: $ 12万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-03-01 至 1994-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8918466&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Compatibility; Speciation; Comparative; Morphology; Heterobasidiomycetes

Dr. Kenneth Wells of the University of California at Davis is studying fungi of the group Heterobasidiomycetes, primarily wood-decaying fungi found in temperate regions of North America and western Europe. The fruiting bodies, or basidiocarps, have traditionally been used as the sole basis for the classification of these species, especially microscopic characters of the sexual reproductive structures. Dr. Wells and others have shown over the past ten years that basidiocarp morphology does not accurately reflect genetic differences between species. Gene differences at several loci, termed mating-type loci and sterility/fertility loci, are more important in determining whether strains can cross and form viable progeny. Interbreeding groups in turn form discrete species, usually with distinct habitat preferences. Not all interbreeding populations are sharply defined, however. Isolates from some populations are only partially interfertile with other populations. Careful laboratory studies of the genetic controls of such partial fertility will help determine how genetic and environmental factors interact to limit sexual reproduction in these fungi. Comparative morphological data generated by microscopy, results of pairing tests, and isozyme analyses of proteins are being used to examine species of Exidia, Tremella, Exidiopsis, and Auricularia and to begin to assess the amount of genetic variability in natural populations of these saprophytes.

加州大学戴维斯分校的肯尼斯·威尔斯博士 主要研究异担子菌群的真菌 北美洲温带地区的木材腐朽菌 和西欧。 子实体，或担子果， 传统上被用作分类的唯一依据 这些物种，特别是微观特征的性别 生殖结构 威尔斯博士和其他人 在过去的十年里，担子果的形态没有 准确反映物种间的遗传差异。 基因 在几个基因座上的差异，称为交配型基因座， 不育性/可育性位点，在决定 菌株是否可以杂交并形成可存活的后代。 杂交 群体又形成离散的物种，通常具有不同的 栖息地偏好 并非所有的杂交种群都有明确的定义， 然而. 来自某些人群的分离株仅部分 与其他种群的杂交。 仔细的实验室研究 这种部分生育力的遗传控制将有助于 确定遗传和环境因素如何相互作用， 这些真菌的有性繁殖。 比较形态学 显微镜检查生成的数据、配对试验结果，以及 蛋白质的同工酶分析被用来检查物种的 灵芝、银耳、拟山茱萸和木耳，并开始 评估自然群体中遗传变异的数量 这些卫星。