Ionic Mechanisms in Pattern-Generator Neurons

模式生成神经元中的离子机制

• 批准号: 8920698
• 负责人: Daniel Hartline
• 金额: $ 15.4万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 1992-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8920698&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ionic; Mechanisms; Pattern; Generator; Neurons

Nerve cells fire electrical impulses by the movement of charged ions through the cell membrane. This ionic current flows through specialized protein channels which may be restricted to a specific type of ion e.g. sodium, potassium or calcium. The amount of current carried by a particular ion and the time it occurs during the nerve impulse are important factors in determining normal function of the nervous system. Since many types of ionic channels and subtypes of channels exist in nature, it is essential to understand their diversity and the ways in which each channel is regulated. One possible new type of channel, carrying the "J-current", has been discovered in the lobster. This current is particularly sensitive to the presence of calcium, which may act as a regulator of channel activity. Studying the J-current is important because it is similar to ionic currents found in mammalian brain. The specific aims of this research are: (1) to identify the ion which is responsible for carrying the J-current, (2) to study its relationship to other ionic currents e.g. potassium current, (3) to analyze the effect of certain drugs on the J-current and (4) to determine its physiological role. The data collected by this research may provide insight into the evolution of ionic channels and the function of ionic channels in higher organisms.

神经细胞通过细胞膜上带电离子的运动产生电脉冲。这种离子电流流过专门的蛋白质通道，这些通道可能被限制为特定类型的离子，例如钠、钾或钙。特定离子所携带的电流的大小和在神经冲动中发生的时间是决定神经系统正常功能的重要因素。由于自然界中存在许多类型的离子通道和亚类型的通道，因此了解它们的多样性以及每种通道的调节方式至关重要。一种可能的新型通道，携带“j流”，已经在龙虾中被发现。这种电流对钙的存在特别敏感，钙可以作为通道活性的调节剂。研究j电流很重要，因为它与哺乳动物大脑中的离子电流相似。本研究的具体目的是：(1)确定负责携带j电流的离子；(2)研究其与钾电流等其他离子电流的关系；(3)分析某些药物对j电流的影响；(4)确定其生理作用。本研究收集的数据可能为了解离子通道的演化和离子通道在高等生物中的功能提供新的思路。