A Laboratory Investigation of Chemical and Electrical Impurity Effects in Ice Pertinent to Atmospheric and Paleoclimatic Research

这项研究的目标是气溶胶和气体对大气冰粒施加的电化学效应。人们最感兴趣的是对流层中常见的碳、氮和硫的化合物。它们的影响可以影响大气电性过程(雷暴)。它们还在保存在冰川和极地冰盖中的古气候记录上留下了印记。对冰和水之间的溶质分配的实验室测量将提供有关环境物种从大气中清除的机制的数据。对实验室培养的冰样的电学测量将把杂质效应与诊断参数联系起来，这些参数可用于量化导电性和分析冰芯测井曲线。特别值得关注的是冰表面传导的性质以及它如何受到特定杂质的影响。在进行电学测量时，将通过用近紫外光或可见光照射样品来探索表面载体的光化学产生。

The objectives of this research are the electrochemical effects exerted on atmospheric ice particles by aerosols and gases. Of primary interest are compounds of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur common in the troposphere. Their effects can influence electrical atmospheric processes (thunderstorms). They also leave their imprint on the paleoclimatic record conserved in glaciers and polar ice caps. Laboratory measurements of solute partition between ice and water will yield data on mechanisms by which environmental species are removed from the atmosphere. Electrical measurements on laboratory-grown ice specimens will relate impurity effects to diagnostic parameters that may be used in quantifying electrical conduction and in analyzing ice-core logging curves. Of special concern is the nature of surface conduction in ice and how it is affected by specific impurities. The photochemical creation of surface carriers will be probed by illumination of the sample with near-uv or visible light while electrical measurements are in progress.//