A Laboratory Investigation of Chemical and Electrical Impurity Effects in Ice Pertinent to Atmospheric and Paleoclimatic Research

与大气和古气候研究相关的冰中化学和电杂质效应的实验室研究

• 批准号: 8921289
• 负责人: Gerardo Gross
• 金额: $ 13.59万
• 依托单位: New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-01 至 1994-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8921289&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Laboratory; Investigation; Chemical; Electrical; Impurity

The objectives of this research are the electrochemical effects exerted on atmospheric ice particles by aerosols and gases. Of primary interest are compounds of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur common in the troposphere. Their effects can influence electrical atmospheric processes (thunderstorms). They also leave their imprint on the paleoclimatic record conserved in glaciers and polar ice caps. Laboratory measurements of solute partition between ice and water will yield data on mechanisms by which environmental species are removed from the atmosphere. Electrical measurements on laboratory-grown ice specimens will relate impurity effects to diagnostic parameters that may be used in quantifying electrical conduction and in analyzing ice-core logging curves. Of special concern is the nature of surface conduction in ice and how it is affected by specific impurities. The photochemical creation of surface carriers will be probed by illumination of the sample with near-uv or visible light while electrical measurements are in progress.//

本研究的目的是气溶胶和气体对大气冰粒施加的电化学效应。主要关注的是对流层中常见的碳、氮和硫的化合物。它们的影响可以影响大气电过程（雷暴）。它们也在冰川和极地冰盖中保存的古气候记录上留下了印记。对冰和水之间溶质分配的实验室测量将提供有关环境物种从大气中消失的机制的数据。在实验室培养的冰样品上的电测量将把杂质影响与诊断参数联系起来，这些参数可用于量化电导率和分析冰芯测井曲线。特别值得关注的是冰表面传导的性质以及它如何受到特定杂质的影响。表面载流子的光化学生成将通过近紫外或可见光照射样品来探测，同时进行电测量。//