US-UK Cooperative Research: Integration of Robotics Software Modeling with Computer-Based Design and Management Information Systems for Architecture and Construction

美英合作研究：机器人软件建模与基于计算机的建筑设计和管理信息系统的集成

• 批准号: 8922372
• 负责人: Boyd Paulson
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-07-15 至 1991-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8922372&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; UK; Cooperative; Research; Integration

This award will support collaborative research in civil engineering and computer science between Dr. Boyd Paulson, Stanford University and Drs. George Fleming and Ken McCallum, University of Strathclyde, Scotland. The aim of the project is to better integrate robotics in the construction industry with current computer-aided design management information and production systems. Since the early 1980's, researchers have sought to apply robotics in the construction industry. However, no unifying theory and few guidelines exist for defining and communicating knowledge about designs and field operations in a way that can be effectively utilized by such machines. Thus far, most of the "robots" in actual field applications have either been tele- operated machines remotely controlled by humans, or have been so narrowly focused and highly specialized that automation could be implemented only via procedural programs designed to anticipate all of the robots' limited requirements. In this joint project, the investigators will aim to design, assemble and develop a theoretical framework and experimental software for a general core of "intelligence" common to diverse types of autonomous machines. The research will consist of several interrelated projects to simulate the cognitive behavior of robot agents and to build a knowledge environment simulator in which to test prototype agent software as it evolves. The project will benefit from the complementary expertise of the US and British investi- gators in computer-aided design. The results of this research will provide computer-based concepts to help integrate construc- tion field processes into the other phases of the project life- cycle, such as planning, design and operations. 8922441 GOULD This award will support collaborative research in biophysics between Dr. Robert Gould, Middlebury College and Dr. W. Terence Coakley, University of Wales, Cardiff. The objective of the project is to exploit the use of ultrasound to segregate and isolate large particles of biological interest. When an ultrasonic standing wave field exists in a liquid-filled chamber, suspended particles of a given type will tend to collect at positions in the chamber about a half wavelength apart. The ultrasonic phenomena of radiation pressure and acoustic streaming associated with a standing wave field produce forces and torques on objects in suspension. Strengths of the forces and torques on a given particle depend mainly on the size and shape of the particle and on the acoustical properties of compressibility and density of the particle, relative to the corresponding properties of the suspending liquid. Thus particles differing in acoustic properties will tend to collect in different positions in the chamber. Methods for collecting particles in suspension with which most biologists are familiar, such as centrifugation, dielectrophoresis and application of magnetic fields, tend to cause particles to migrate to one or two sites. Ultrasound offers a unique capability to concentrate particles at many discrete locations in the suspending phase. This project aims to utilize the differences in the forces and torques on different types of particles to diverge them, one type from another, so they may be harvested and studied separately. The results of this research will provide important information regarding the applicability of ultrasound to a variety of biological systems. The project will benefit from the complementary expertise of the two investigators, as well as their past history of fruitful collaboration.

该奖项将支持民间合作研究 工程学和计算机科学博士博伊德保尔森， 斯坦福大学和乔治弗莱明和肯麦卡勒姆博士， 苏格兰斯特拉斯克莱德大学 该项目的目的是 为了更好地将机器人技术与建筑行业结合起来， 当前计算机辅助设计管理信息， 生产系统。 自20世纪80年代初以来，研究人员一直在寻求应用 机器人在建筑业的应用 然而，没有统一 理论和一些指导方针存在的定义和沟通 设计和现场操作的知识， 有效地利用这些机器。 到目前为止，大多数 在实际的现场应用中，“机器人”要么是远程的， 由人类远程控制的机器，或者已经如此 狭隘的重点和高度专业化，自动化可以 仅通过程序程序实现， 所有机器人有限的需求。在这个联合项目中， 调查人员将致力于设计、组装和开发一种 理论框架和实验软件的一般 核心的“智能”共同的不同类型的自主 机械.该研究将包括几个相互关联的 模拟机器人代理的认知行为的项目， 建立一个知识环境模拟器， 原型代理软件，因为它的发展。该项目将有利于 从美国和英国投资的互补专业知识， 计算机辅助设计中的gator。这项研究成果 将提供基于计算机的概念，以帮助整合 将现场过程引入项目生命周期的其他阶段- 周期，如规划，设计和运营。8922441 古尔德 该奖项将支持生物物理学的合作研究 罗伯特·古尔德博士，明德学院和W.特伦斯 科克利，威尔士大学，卡迪夫。的目的 该项目是利用超声波的使用， 分离出具有生物学意义的大颗粒。 当超声驻波场存在于充液介质中时， 室，给定类型的悬浮颗粒将倾向于 在腔室中的大约半波长的位置处收集 apart. 辐射压和辐射压的超声现象 与驻波场相关的声流产生 悬挂物体上的力和扭矩。 实力 作用在给定粒子上的力和力矩主要取决于粒子的大小 和形状的颗粒和声学性能的 颗粒的压缩性和密度，相对于 悬浮液的相应性质。 因此 声学性质不同的颗粒将倾向于聚集 在腔室中的不同位置。 收集方法 大多数生物学家都熟悉的悬浮颗粒， 例如离心、介电泳和应用 磁场，往往会导致粒子迁移到一个或 两个网站。 超声波提供了一种独特的能力， 颗粒在悬浮相中的许多离散位置。 该项目旨在利用力的差异， 不同类型的粒子上的扭矩来分散它们， 从另一个类型，所以他们可能会收获和研究 分开这项研究的结果将提供重要的 关于超声波应用于 各种生物系统。 该项目将受益于 两名调查员的互补专业知识，以及 他们过去富有成效的合作历史。