US-UK Cooperative Research: Manipulation and Separation of Biological Particles and Cells by Ultrasonic Forces and Torques

该奖项将支持生物物理学的合作研究 罗伯特·古尔德博士，明德学院和W.特伦斯 科克利，威尔士大学，卡迪夫。的目的 该项目是利用超声波的使用， 分离生物学感兴趣的大颗粒。 当超声驻波场存在于充液介质中时， 在腔室中，给定类型的悬浮颗粒将倾向于收集 在腔室中相隔约半波长的位置处。 的 辐射压和声流的超声现象 与驻波场相关联产生力和扭矩 在悬浮物上。 力和扭矩的强度 给定的颗粒主要取决于颗粒的大小和形状。 颗粒和压缩性的声学特性， 相对于相应性质的颗粒密度 的悬浮液。 因此，颗粒在声学上不同， 属性将倾向于收集在不同的位置， 室。 用于收集悬浮液中的颗粒的方法， 大多数生物学家都很熟悉，比如离心， 介电电泳和磁场的应用，往往 使颗粒迁移到一个或两个位置。 超声 提供了一种独特的能力， 在悬浮阶段的离散位置。该项目旨在 利用力和扭矩的差异， 粒子的类型来分散它们，一种类型从另一种类型， 它们可以被单独收集和研究。的结果 研究将提供有关 超声波对各种生物系统的适用性。 该项目将受益于联合国的补充专门知识， 两名调查员，以及他们过去卓有成效的历史 协作

This award will support collaborative research in biophysics between Dr. Robert Gould, Middlebury College and Dr. W. Terence Coakley, University of Wales, Cardiff. The objective of the project is to exploit the use of ultrasound to segregate and isolate large particles of biological interest. When an ultrasonic standing wave field exists in a liquid-filled chamber, suspended particles of a given type will tend to collect at positions in the chamber about a half wavelength apart. The ultrasonic phenomena of radiation pressure and acoustic streaming associated with a standing wave field produce forces and torques on objects in suspension. Strengths of the forces and torques on a given particle depend mainly on the size and shape of the particle and on the acoustical properties of compressibility and density of the particle, relative to the corresponding properties of the suspending liquid. Thus particles differing in acoustic properties will tend to collect in different positions in the chamber. Methods for collecting particles in suspension with which most biologists are familiar, such as centrifugation, dielectrophoresis and application of magnetic fields, tend to cause particles to migrate to one or two sites. Ultrasound offers a unique capability to concentrate particles at many discrete locations in the suspending phase. This project aims to utilize the differences in the forces and torques on different types of particles to diverge them, one type from another, so they may be harvested and studied separately. The results of this research will provide important information regarding the applicability of ultrasound to a variety of biological systems. The project will benefit from the complementary expertise of the two investigators, as well as their past history of fruitful collaboration.