Taxonomic Revision of Generic Segregates of Pithecellobium sensu lato, Excluding Abarema and Macrosamanea

Pithecellobium sensu lato 属分类学修订，不包括 Abarema 和 Macrosamanea

• 批准号: 9001375
• 负责人: Rupert Barneby
• 金额: $ 7.76万
• 依托单位: New York Botanical Garden
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-01 至 1993-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9001375&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Taxonomic; Revision; Generic; Segregates; Pithecellobium

The mimosa group of tropical legumes are woody plants that range in stature from small prickly shrubs of Mexican and Argentine deserts or Caribbean coral reef-shores to gigantic emergent forest trees of Brazilian Amazonia. They enter all woodland shrub communities of the Neotropics below about 2000 meters elevation, and are an almost ubiquitous element in the flora of forest margins. Numbered among them are the stately saman (Albizia saman), which fills in urban Latin America the role of the banyan in India, and in rural Latin America provides shade and a crop of nutritious fruits for cattle; and the guamuchil (Pithecellobium dulce), a staple of rural markets, the seeds of which are enveloped in sweet pulp esteemed as a fruit and as basis for summer drinks. Most of them, however, are appreciated primarily by local people, for whom they provide nursery shade trees in the coffee orchards, timber used in construction, furniture, and as fuel, and are a rich source of honey. In these roles the mimosas of the Americas have acquired a large vocabulary of vernacular names, both in Amerindian and Latin languages, testifying to their importance in the lives of the people who use them. The last comprehensive taxonomic inventory of the mimosa group dates back to 1875. Since then much has been learned about them, and many new species have been discovered and described. Most of these exist, so far as retrievable information goes, only as names in obscure technical publications, and no one can say for sure how many are truly distinct species, or where they are to be found, or how they should be named according to current rules of botanical nomenclature. There is no modern inventory other than the patchwork of accounts that have appeared in floras of political units, many of which are mutually contradictory, one species appearing under different names in different countries, and several distinct species often masquerading under one name. Without a reliable inventory, no rational decisions can be made about the management, exploitation, or conservation of woody floras on which the function of ecological systems and the prosperity of mankind depend. Drs. Rupert Barneby and James Grimes of the New York Botanical Garden are providing this modern inventory, for the woody tropical legumes of the large genus Pithecellobium and its relatives. The results will serve as a source of verified information on which the writers and users of floras can depend, for practical identification of species, for correct scientific nomenclature, for indication of geographical ranges and habitat occurrences, and for documentation of economic uses by local peoples.

含羞草属的热带豆科植物是木本植物，从墨西哥和阿根廷沙漠或加勒比海珊瑚礁海岸的多刺小灌木到巴西亚马逊地区的巨大新兴森林树木。它们进入海拔2000米以下的所有新热带地区的林地灌木群落，是林缘植物区系中几乎无处不在的元素。其中有庄严的Saman(Albizia Saman)，它填充了拉丁美洲城市的榕树在印度的作用，在拉丁美洲农村为牛提供荫凉和一种有营养的水果；Guamuchil(Pithecellobium Duce)，农村市场的主食，其种子被甜蜜的果肉包裹，被视为水果和夏季饮料的基础。然而，它们中的大多数主要是由当地人欣赏的，它们为咖啡园提供苗圃遮阳树，用于建筑、家具和燃料的木材，是蜂蜜的丰富来源。在这些角色中，美洲的含羞草获得了大量的美洲印第安语和拉丁语的方言名称，证明了它们在使用它们的人的生活中的重要性。上一次关于含羞草属的全面分类名录可以追溯到1875年。从那时起，人们对它们有了很多了解，也发现和描述了许多新的物种。就可检索的信息而言，这些物种中的大多数只作为鲜为人知的技术出版物中的名称存在，没有人能确切地说出有多少是真正不同的物种，在哪里可以找到它们，或者根据目前的植物学命名规则应该如何命名。除了出现在政治单位的植物群中的拼凑的记述外，没有现代的清单，其中许多是相互矛盾的，一个物种在不同的国家以不同的名字出现，几个不同的物种经常伪装在一个名字下。如果没有可靠的清单，就无法对生态系统的功能和人类繁荣所依赖的木本植物的管理、开发或保护做出合理的决定。纽约植物园的Rupert Barneby博士和James Grimes博士正在为大属Pithecellobium及其近缘的木本热带豆类植物提供这份现代库存。这些结果将成为植物区系编写者和使用者可依赖的核实信息来源，用于实际鉴定物种、进行正确的科学命名、指示地理范围和栖息地，以及记录当地人民的经济用途。