Ozone Depletion, Ultraviolet Radiation and Phytoplankton Biology in Antarctic Waters

南极现在正经历着春季大量的 平流层臭氧，导致紫外线B增加 (UVB，280- 320 nm）辐射。 紫外线的强度 到达地表的辐射现在接近 热带纬度也许更重要的是，UVB辐射 而UVA（320- 400 nm）和 光合有效辐射（PAR，400- 700 nm） 保持不变。 大气模拟的最新进展 海洋仪器和技术将用于 在1990年南方春季进行了为期六周的实地研究。 原 目标是记录紫外线辐射对 浮游植物群落在冰缘春季水华。 期间 这一次，海洋过程创造了有利的条件， 增加UVB的敏感性。 生物和生物光学 信息将用于确定和量化 紫外线与PAR比值随臭氧变化的振荡， 浮游植物生产力 将特别强调 定义增强的UVB所施加的生物限制， 改变UVB：UVA：PAR比例对UVB光损伤的平衡， 光修复、光保护和光合机制 在南大洋活动 总体目标是测试 假设南极沃茨浮游植物 受臭氧层破坏的影响。

The Antarctic is now experiencing large springtime losses of stratospheric ozone, resulting in an increase in ultraviolet B (UVB, 280-320nm) radiation. The magnitude of ultraviolet radiation reaching the surface now approaches that measured in tropical latitudes. Perhaps more importantly, UVB radiation has increased in the Antarctic while both UVA (320-400nm) and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR, 400-700nm) have remained unchanged. Recent improvements in atmospheric modeling and technology in oceanographic instrumentation will be used in a six week field study during the austral spring 1990. The prime objective will be to document the impact of UV radiation on the phytoplankton community during the ice-edge spring bloom. During this time, oceanographic processes create favorable conditions for increased UVB susceptibility. Biological and bio-optical information will be used to define and quantify linkages between ozone-dependent oscillations in UV to PAR ratios and phytoplankton productivity. Special emphasis will be place on defining biological restraints imposed by enhanced UVB and altered UVB:UVA:PAR ratios on the balance of UVB photodamage to photorepair, photoprotective and photosynthetic mechanisms operating in the Southern Ocean. The overall aim is to test the hypothesis that phytoplankton in Antarctic waters are adversely influenced by ozone depletion.