The Role of Law and Social Movements in Environmental Conflicts: A Japanese Case Study

法律和社会运动在环境冲突中的作用：日本案例研究

• 批准号: 9010464
• 负责人: Robert Kidder
• 金额: $ 2.83万
• 依托单位: Temple University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-15 至 1992-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9010464&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Law; Social; Movements; Environmental

Environmental degradation is one of the most serious problems facing industrialized societies. Remedies or prevention of harms caused by environmental pollution require collective activities of many people. Sociolegal research has for many years focused on the connections of law to disputing, dispute transformation, and social change. This project will draw on theories and research from this literature to examine the expansion or contraction of rights and the handling of conflicts about the environment. Using a new class-action lawsuit in Kobe, Japan as a case study, this project will trace the formation of a social movement and the transformation of its conflict with industry and government over the issue of air pollution. Through interviews with participants involved in the filing of 500 lawsuits by Japanese citizens in an industrial pollution case, the investigators will trace how the grievances of individual citizens produced a victims' organization, government legislation, subsequent government retreat from aid to victims, and involvement in litigation. Thus, the in-depth study permits detailing the different social forces which have affected the development of both political and legal action as well as the relationship between the two. This research will illustrate the complex legal, cultural, and political processes involved in policy formation and the relevance of theory in this area to the explanation of responses to environmental change. It promises to extend our understanding of the connection between legal institutions, policy change, and the actions of everyday citizens as well as provide important new insights into patterns of conflict management in Japan and elsewhere. How rights are articulated and how law becomes mobilized on issues relating to the environment have immensely important theoretical and policy implications for understanding global environmental change, the development of rights movements, and the process of legal mobilization.

环境恶化是最严重的问题之一 面对工业化社会。 补救措施或预防伤害 造成的环境污染需要集体活动， 多人 多年来，社会法学研究一直专注于 法律与争议、争议转化和社会的关系 变化 本项目将借鉴这方面的理论和研究成果 研究权利的扩张或收缩的文献， 处理与环境有关的冲突。 以日本科比的一起新的集体诉讼案为案例研究， 这个项目将追踪一个社会运动的形成， 转变其与工业和政府的冲突， 空气污染问题。 通过与参与者的访谈 参与日本公民提起的500起诉讼 工业污染案，调查人员将追查如何 公民个人的不满产生了一个受害者组织， 政府立法，随后政府从援助中撤退， 受害者和参与诉讼。 因此，深入研究 许可证详细说明了不同的社会力量， 政治和法律的行动的发展以及 两者之间的关系。 这项研究将说明复杂的法律的，文化， 参与政策制定的政治进程及其 这一领域的理论解释的反应， 环境变化 它承诺扩展我们对 法律的制度、政策变化和 日常公民的行动，以及提供重要的新的 深入了解日本的冲突管理模式， 其他地方 权利是如何表达的，法律是如何成为 在环境问题上的动员， 重要的理论和政策影响， 全球环境变化，权利运动的发展， 和法律的动员过程。