U.S.-Mexico Cooperative Research: Development of Physiological Selection Criteria for Breeding Drought Resistant Genotypes of Grain Sorghum

美国-墨西哥合作研究：制定高粱抗旱基因型选育生理选择标准

• 批准号: 9016396
• 负责人: Alfredo Huerta
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Miami University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-03-01 至 1994-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9016396&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; Mexico; Cooperative; Research; Development

This U.S.-Mexico award will support a collaborative project between Professor Alfredo Huerta of Miami University at Oxford, Ohio and Professor Sergio Castro-Nava of the Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas, Mexico. The investigators intend to study physiologically based selection criteria for development of drought resistant varieties or hybrids of grain sorghum. A second objective is to further basic understanding of drought resistance mechanisms in plants. Experiments will be conducted in the field at the agricultural research station in Tamaulipas and in greenhouses at the Department of Botany in Oxford, Ohio. Water availability is the major limiting factor for crop productivity worldwide. In the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico, grain sorghum is a major crop and the state contributes almost half of the total sorghum produced in Mexico. Three quarters of the sorghum produced in Tamaulipas is cultivated as a rainfed crop, thus exposing the crop to a high probability of water stress during some part of its development, with resultant very low yields. Current advances in the development of locally adapted varieties and hybrids of sorghum have not focused on drought tolerance. This collaboration between a plant pathologist (Huerta) and a breeder (Castro) will lead to results on the physiology and metabolism of drought tolerance that should help to focus on new directions and possible new selection criteria for these crops.

这一美国-墨西哥奖项将支持俄亥俄州牛津迈阿密大学的阿尔弗雷多·韦尔塔教授和墨西哥塔毛利帕斯自治大学的塞尔吉奥·卡斯特罗-纳瓦教授之间的合作项目。研究人员打算研究基于生理的选择标准，以开发抗旱品种或杂交种的谷物高粱。第二个目标是加深对植物抗旱机制的基本了解。实验将在塔毛利帕斯州的农业研究站和俄亥俄州牛津市植物系的温室里进行。水的可获得性是世界范围内作物生产力的主要限制因素。在墨西哥塔毛利帕斯州，谷物高粱是一种主要作物，该州贡献了墨西哥高粱总产量的近一半。塔毛利帕斯州生产的高粱有四分之三是作为旱作种植的，因此在作物发育的某些阶段，高粱极有可能受到水分胁迫，导致产量极低。目前高粱地方适应品种和杂交种的开发进展并没有集中在抗旱性上。植物病理学家(韦尔塔)和育种家(卡斯特罗)之间的这种合作将导致关于耐旱性的生理和新陈代谢的结果，这将有助于专注于这些作物的新方向和可能的新选择标准。