Regulation of Calcium Entry in Cerebral Arteries

脑动脉钙进入的调节

• 批准号: 9019563
• 负责人: Mark Nelson
• 金额: $ 27.4万
• 依托单位: University of Vermont & State Agricultural College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-04-15 至 1995-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9019563&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Regulation; Calcium; Entry; Cerebral; Arteries

Small arteries control blood flow to various organs. These arteries are normally contracted from which they dilate or constrict depending on the need for blood. The arteries in the brain have a special requirement for blood flow; they must maintain blood flow even when the blood pressure changes. Calcium (Ca2+) ions play a critical role in the narrowing and opening of arteries. Ca2+ ions inside the muscle cells in the wall of the arteries cause the muscle cells to contract and consequently cause blood vessels to narrow. We study the mechanism by which Ca2+ enters these muscle cells. Ca2+ enters the smooth muscle through specialized proteins that form pores through membrane that separate the outside of the cell from the inside. These pores are called "calcium channels" and are the targets of a major class of cardiovascular drugs called "calcium channel blockers" that are used to treat hypertension, angina, and stroke. The proposed project will examine the properties of "calcium channels" in arteries that regulate blood flow in the brain. This should be the first study of its kind and should provide vital information to the understanding of how the diameter of some of the most important arteries is regulated. This study has been made possible by new techniques to isolate small arteries and single smooth muscle of genetic strain of rats called WKY. The rats are anesthetized and rapidly killed. The arteries are then rapidly removed. All experiments are done on the isolated arteries or single smooth muscle cells isolated from these arteries. These studies should be the first of their kind and should provide a foundation essential for understanding the regulation of Ca entry in tonic, autoregulating arteries. //

小动脉控制流向各个器官的血液。 这些动脉通常会收缩，并根据血液的需要而扩张或收缩。 大脑中的动脉对血流有特殊的要求；即使血压发生变化，他们也必须保持血液流动。 钙 (Ca2+) 离子在动脉狭窄和开放中发挥着关键作用。 动脉壁肌肉细胞内的 Ca2+ 离子导致肌肉细胞收缩，从而导致血管狭窄。 我们研究 Ca2+ 进入这些肌肉细胞的机制。 Ca2+ 通过专门的蛋白质进入平滑肌，这些蛋白质通过膜形成孔，将细胞的外部与内部分开。 这些毛孔被称为“钙通道”，是一类被称为“钙通道阻滞剂”的主要心血管药物的靶标，用于治疗高血压、心绞痛和中风。 拟议的项目将检查动脉中调节大脑血流的“钙通道”的特性。 这应该是同类研究中的第一个，并且应该为理解一些最重要的动脉的直径是如何调节的提供重要信息。 这项研究是通过新技术分离 WKY 遗传品系大鼠的小动脉和单一平滑肌而得以实现的。 老鼠被麻醉并迅速杀死。 然后迅速移除动脉。 所有实验都是在分离的动脉或从这些动脉分离的单个平滑肌细胞上进行的。 这些研究应该是此类研究中的首例，并且应该为理解强直、自动调节动脉中钙离子进入的调节提供必要的基础。 //