Systematics and Zoogeography of Aquatic Hemiptera of New Guinea

新几内亚水生半翅目系统学和动物地理学

• 批准号: 9020442
• 负责人: John Polhemus
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Bernice P Bishop Museum
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-05-01 至 1995-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9020442&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Systematics; Zoogeography; Aquatic; Hemiptera; New

Aquatic Hemiptera are a worldwide group with a relatively mature taxonomy, which permits use in addressing questions of evolution and zoogeography. Although richly represented in all tropical regions, they attain their greatest diversity in the Malay Archipelago between Asia and Australia, where they have radiated to produce numerous locally endemic species. Within this archipelago, the island of New Guinea is of particular zoogeographical interest due to its composite geological and biological nature. The island was formed through tectonic suturing of disparate parts, essentially the opposite of fragmentation and vicariance, and the fauna is derived from both temperate Gondwanian and tropical Laurasian sources. As a result, its faunal relationships have been difficult to depict on simple dichotomously branching cladograms. The intention is to address this problem by combining classical cladistic biogeography with a relatively new method involving cladogram character analysis to investigate the composite nature and relationships of the Papuan fauna. The proposed study will be divided into five separate phases that form a logical continuum: Faunal survey, systematic revisions, character analysis, phylogenetic analyses, and zoogeographical hypothesis testing. During the granting period, the plan is to complete revisions and cladistic analyses of 19 genera in 4 families, containing a total of approximately 300 species. These taxonomic works will concentrate on groups that are most informative from a biogeographical standpoint, and will use extensive recent collections from New Guinea combined with collections from other museums. The zoogeographical analysis will rely on both previously published studies and the new phylogenies to be generated during the course of this project. Several explicit zoogeographical hypotheses will be tested regarding the relationship of New Guinea to Australia, the Philippines, New Caledonia, and the central Malay Archipelago. The basic data on systematics and distribution generated by this study will be of use to scientists interested in taxonomy, biodiversity and conservation. The comparison of methodological approaches will provide new insights into the analysis of zoogeographical data, and the zoogeographical conclusions will be of interest to those concerned with faunal interchange and distribution in areas of tectonic plate collision. Finally, the results will provide useful comparative information for geologists studying the tectonic evolution of the Malay Archipelago.***

水生半翅目是一个世界性的群体， 成熟的分类法，它允许使用在解决问题， 进化和动物地理学 虽然在所有的国家都有丰富的代表性， 在热带地区，它们在热带地区获得了最大的多样性。 亚洲和澳大利亚之间的马来群岛， 辐射产生了许多当地特有的物种。 内 在这个群岛中，新几内亚岛尤其重要， 由于其复杂的地质和 生物学性质。 这个岛是由地壳运动 完全不同的部分的集合，本质上与 破碎和分隔，动物群来自两者 温带冈瓦纳纪和热带劳亚纪起源。 作为 因此，它的动物区系关系一直难以描绘 简单的二歧分支的进化枝图。 目的是 解决这个问题，结合经典的分支系统学 一种较新的包括分支图的地理学方法 特征分析，以调查复合性质， 巴布亚动物群的关系。 建议的研究会分为五个阶段进行 这构成了一个逻辑连续体： 修订，字符分析，系统发育分析，和 动物地理学假设检验 在授予期间， 该计划是完成修订和分支分析的19个 属4科，共约300种 物种 这些分类学著作将集中于 从地理学的角度来看，信息量最大， 使用新几内亚最近收集的大量标本， 其他博物馆的收藏品。 动物地理分析 将依赖于先前发表的研究和新的 在本项目实施过程中产生的费用。 几个明确的动物地理学假设将被测试 关于新几内亚与澳大利亚的关系， 菲律宾、新喀里多尼亚和马来群岛中部。 系统学和分布的基本数据由 这项研究将有助于对分类学感兴趣的科学家， 生物多样性和保护。 方法论的比较 方法将提供新的见解，分析 动物地理学数据，动物地理学结论将是 关注动物交流的人感兴趣， 分布于板块碰撞地区。 最后 结果将提供有用的比较信息， 地质学家研究马来的构造演化 群岛