REU: Peatlands and Global Climate Change: Insights Obtained Through Comparative Studies of Northern and Southern Sites

REU：泥炭地和全球气候变化：通过南北地区比较研究获得的见解

• 批准号: 9020583
• 负责人: R. Kelman Wieder
• 金额: $ 47.06万
• 依托单位: Villanova University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-08-01 至 1995-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9020583&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: REU; Peatlands; Global; Climate; Change

This research will gain insights into carbon balances in peatlands and measure gaseous exchanges of carbon between peatlands and the atmosphere. Drs. Wieder and Yavitt will use a series of descriptive and experimental field and laboratory studies to evaluate historical development and present function of peatland ecosystems. This research will focus on comparisons between Sphagnum-dominated peatlands that have developed over thousands of years in relatively warmer climates (southern peatlands in the Appalachian Mountains of West Virginia) and Sphagnum-dominated peatlands that developed in cooler regions. Specific research objectives are: to characterize changes in chemical nature of organic matter during long-term peat accumulation, to determine the relative importance of methane production versus sulfate reduction in peatlands subjected to differing atmospheric sulfur depositions, to quantify transfers of photosynthetically fixed 14CO2 within a northern and southern peatland, to experimentally evaluate effects of biotic versus abiotic factors on the transfer of photosynthetically fixed 14CO2, and to evaluate the effects of temperature and water table level on gaseous carbon fluxes from peatlands to the atmosphere. Information obtained from this research will improve our ability to predict possible changes in peatland ecosystem function, particularly with regard to carbon balance, peat accumulation/degradation, and exchange of carbon gases with the atmosphere under various projections of global climate change. Drs. Wieder and Yavitt are leading peatland researchers. The facilities available for this research are outstanding.

这项研究将深入了解泥炭地的碳平衡，并测量泥炭地和大气之间的碳气体交换。 博士。维德和亚维特将利用一系列描述性、实验性现场和实验室研究来评估泥炭地生态系统的历史发展和当前功能。 这项研究将重点比较在相对温暖的气候下发育了数千年的以泥炭藓为主的泥炭地（西弗吉尼亚州阿巴拉契亚山脉的南部泥炭地）和在较冷地区发育的以泥炭藓为主的泥炭地。 具体研究目标是：表征长期泥炭积累过程中有机质化学性质的变化，确定不同大气硫沉降泥炭地中甲烷生成与硫酸盐还原的相对重要性，量化北部和南部泥炭地内光合固定 14CO2 的转移，通过实验评估生物与非生物因素对光合固定 14CO2 转移的影响 14CO2，并评估温度和地下水位对从泥炭地到大气的气态碳通量的影响。 从这项研究中获得的信息将提高我们预测泥炭地生态系统功能可能发生的变化的能力，特别是在全球气候变化的各种预测下，碳平衡、泥炭积累/退化以及碳气体与大气的交换。博士。 维德和亚维特是领先的泥炭地研究人员。 用于这项研究的设施非常出色。