RUI: Carbon Cycling and Peat Accumulation in the Discontinuous Permafrost Region of Boreal, Continental, and Western Canada

RUI：加拿大北部、大陆和西部不连续永久冻土地区的碳循环和泥炭积累

• 批准号: 9727800
• 负责人: R. Kelman Wieder
• 金额: $ 59.79万
• 依托单位: Villanova University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-03-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9727800&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Carbon; Cycling; Peat; Accumulation

ABSTRACT Proposal # : 9727800 (Wieder And Yavitt) Title: CARBON CYCLING AND PEAT ACCUMULATION IN THE DISCONTINUOUS PERMAFROST REGION OF BOREAL, CONTINENTAL, WESTERN CANADA Institution: VILLANOVA UNIVERSITY Boreal and subarctic peatlands contain about a third of the world's soil carbon pool and presently function as a net sink for atmospheric CO2 and a major source of atmospheric CH4. This research focuses on the extensive peat deposits in the discontinuous permafrost regions of boreal, continental, western Canada, where new findings suggest that permafrost has been melting in recent years, possibly in response to warming climatic conditions. Both field and laboratory studies will be conducted to test hypotheses related to carbon balance and peat accumulation/degradation. The research is structured around four questions: 1) How does the presence, absence, or disappearance of permafrost affect peat accumulation rate and peat organic matter quality in peatlands of the discontinuous permafrost region? 2) How does the presence, absence, or disappearance of permafrost affect CO2 and CH4 production/emission and controls on production/emission in peatlands of the discontinuous permafrost region? 3) Will the carbon balance of peat underlain by permafrost be tipped from peat as a sink for atmospheric carbon to a net source of carbon to the atmosphere as permafrost melts? and 4) Do roots contribute substantially to CO2 and CH4 production/emission in peatlands in the discontinuous permafrost zone? By understanding the factors that affect CO2 and CH4 production and emission, the work will lead to insights into the potential carbon cycling responses of these extensive peatlands to projected regional and global climate changes in general, and to ongoing permafrost degradation and melting more specifically.

摘要 提案编号：9727800（Wieder和Yavitt） 标题：加拿大西部大陆北部不连续多年冻土区的碳循环和泥炭积累 机构：VILLANOVA UNIVERSITY 北方和亚北极泥炭地含有世界土壤碳库的三分之一，目前是大气CO2的净汇和大气CH 4的主要来源。 这项研究的重点是广泛的泥炭沉积在不连续的永久冻土区的北部，大陆，加拿大西部，新的发现表明，永久冻土已融化，近年来，可能是在应对气候变暖的条件。 将进行实地和实验室研究，以检验与碳平衡和泥炭积累/退化有关的假设。 本研究围绕四个问题展开：（1）冻土的存在、缺失或消失如何影响不连续冻土区泥炭地的泥炭积累速率和泥炭有机质质量？2)永久冻土的存在、不存在或消失如何影响不连续永久冻土区泥炭地CO2和CH 4的产生/排放以及对产生/排放的控制？ 3)永久冻土层下面的泥炭的碳平衡是否会随着永久冻土层的融化而从作为大气碳的汇转变为大气碳的净来源？和4）根系对不连续多年冻土带泥炭地CO2和CH 4的产生/排放有显著贡献吗？ 通过了解影响CO2和CH 4产生和排放的因素，这项工作将深入了解这些广泛的泥炭地对预计的区域和全球气候变化的潜在碳循环反应，以及更具体地持续的永久冻土退化和融化。