CRB: Tropical Fire Histories from Charcoal Stratigraphy

CRB：来自木炭地层学的热带火灾历史

• 批准号: 9025020
• 负责人: David Burney
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: Fordham University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-09-15 至 1994-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9025020&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRB; Tropical; Fire; Histories; Charcoal

This project will systematically examine the relationships between fires in tropical environments and their corresponding stratigraphic signals, in the form of particulate carbon in sediments of lakes, bogs, and caves (charcoal stratigraphy). The customary methods for determining charcoal content of sediments will be compared for precision, accuracy, and speed with a new method being developed utilizing automated digital image analysis. Sedimentary charcoal parameters (concentration, influx, type, practice size distribution) will be measured in about 200 modern sediment samples collected in previous projects from an array of sites ranging from 43 N to 25 S, including deserts, rainforests, tropical savannas, temperate forest, cultivated areas, and montane environments. Charcoal parameters will be compared with ecological data on the sites (basin type and size vegetation, climate, and local/regional fire occurrence). This information will be used to interpret fire histories derived from laminated sediment cores collected form Madagascar. Kenya/Tanzania, and Puerto Rico. Preliminary dating and other analyses indicate that these cores can be expected to yield detailed fire histories for the sites spanning several millennia. This time-series data on prehistoric fires will provide insights concerning terrestrial carbon inputs to the pre- modern atmosphere, human impacts on prehistoric environments and linkages between climate, fore , and vegetation.

本项目将系统地研究 热带环境中的火灾与其相应的 地层信号，以颗粒碳的形式存在 湖泊、沼泽和洞穴的沉积物（木炭地层学）。 的 测定沉积物中木炭含量的常用方法 将在精度、准确度和速度方面与新的 正在开发的方法利用自动数字图像 分析. 沉积物木炭参数（浓度， 流入量、类型、实践粒度分布）将在 在以前的项目中收集了大约200个现代沉积物样品 从43 N到25 S的一系列位点，包括 沙漠、热带雨林、热带稀树草原、温带森林、 耕地和山地环境。 木炭参数 将与现场的生态数据（流域类型）进行比较 以及植被、气候和当地/区域火灾的大小 发生）。 这些信息将用于解释火灾 从分层沉积物岩心收集的历史 Madagascar. 肯尼亚/坦桑尼亚和波多黎各。 初步定年 其他分析表明，这些核心可以预期， 为几个地点提供详细的火灾历史记录， 千年。 这些关于史前火灾的时间序列数据 提供有关陆地碳输入的见解， 现代大气，人类对史前环境的影响， 气候、前浪和植被之间的联系。