Dissertation Research: Ecologial Constraints and Relatedness Asymmetries in Augochlorella striata (Halictidae: Hymenoptera)

论文研究：Augocholella striata（Halictidae：膜翅目）的生态约束和相关性不对称性

• 批准号: 9100473
• 负责人: George Eickwort
• 金额: $ 0.59万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-05-15 至 1992-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9100473&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Ecologial; Constraints; Relatedness

Workers in eusocial Hymenoptera colonies (relatedness asymmetry present) are predicted to favor a more female-biased sex-ratio as compared to the sex-ratio favored by workers in parasocial colonies (relatedness asymmetry absent). Experiments on the primitively eusocial sweat bee Augochlorella striata, with random assignment of colonies to a eusocial and parasocial condition confirmed the predicted female-bias in eusocial colonies, but were unable to test the hypothesis that worker reproduction of males is greater in parasocial than in eusocial colonies. The determination of maternity of males by means of a genetic analysis is essential to test this hypothesis. This study will involve genetically fingerprinting reproductives, workers, and male sexuals of the experimental nests in order to compare worker reproduction of males in eusocial and parasocial colonies. Because of parthenogenetic production of males, all bands in a fingerprint of a male must also be present in the fingerprint of his mother. Maternity of males can therefore be determined by matching fingerprints of males to fingerprints of putative mothers (e.g. foundresses and workers). If evidence from genetic fingerprinting refutes the hypothesis of worker reproduction, relatedness asymmetries deriving from haplodiploidy remain as the only explanation of the observed sex-ratio adjustments. This would imply that social behavior in A. striata evolved not only in response to ecological constraints limiting reproductive options, but also in relation to genetic variables (relatedness asymmetries) intrinsic to the haplodiploid system of sex-determination.

在真社会性Hyplitera殖民地的工人（相关性不对称 目前）预计将有利于更多的女性偏见的性别比例， 与准社会工作者偏好的性别比例相比， 菌落（不存在相关性不对称）。 真社会性汗蜂Augosterella的繁殖试验 striata，随机分配菌落到一个真社会， 准社会条件证实了预测的女性偏见， 真社会殖民地，但无法测试的假设， 男性的工人生殖是更大的在parasocial比在 真社会殖民地 通过以下方式确定男性的母性： 基因分析的方法对检验这一假设是必不可少的。 这项研究将涉及基因指纹繁殖， 工蚁和雄性的实验巢穴， 比较真社会性和准社会性中雄性工蜂的繁殖 殖民地 由于单性生殖生产的男性，所有 男性指纹中的条带也必须存在于 母亲的指纹。 因此，男性的母性可以是 通过将男性的指纹与 假定的母亲（例如，创始人和工人）。 如果证据 基因指纹的研究反驳了工人 生殖、亲缘关系、单倍性和二倍体的不对称性 仍然是观察到的性别比的唯一解释 调整。 这意味着A. striata 进化不仅是为了应对生态限制， 生殖选择，但也与遗传变量有关 （相关性不对称）固有的单倍二倍体系统的 性别决定