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Environmental and Developmental Regulation of Plant Proteinase Inhibitor Genes

植物蛋白酶抑制基因的环境和发育调控

基本信息

批准号：
9104542
负责人：
Clarence Ryan
金额：
$ 79.26万
依托单位：
Washington State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing grant
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1991-08-15 至 1997-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9104542&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Environmental Developmental Regulation Plant Proteinase

项目摘要

Research is proposed to further understand the structure, function, evolution and the regulation of synthesis of antinutrient proteinase inhibitor proteins that are present in plant tissues as defensive proteins against invading insects and pathogens. The proteins were first identified, isolated, and characterized in the PI's laboratory, and were subsequently found to be synthesized in potato, tomato, and alfalfa leaves in response to insect attacks or to severe mechanical wounding. As part of studies of wound signal transduction systems that regulate the expression of proteinase inhibitor genes in plants, the PI's lab has isolated and characterized several proteinase inhibitor genes from tomato and potato plants. With these genes they have been able to study the structure, organization, and regulation of proteinase inhibitor gene families that are expressed in response to both developmental and environmental signals. They have recently discovered an 18 amino acid polypeptide as a new signaling molecule for the proteinase inhibitors, and have found a volatile signalling molecule for the inhibitors, and have found a volatile signalling molecule for the inhibitors, methyl jasmonate. In the interest of practical applications, several proteinase inhibitor genes have been used by the PI successfully to genetically engineer plants to improve their defense against predators.

为了进一步了解植物组织中的抗营养素蛋白抑制蛋白的结构、功能、进化和合成调控，这些蛋白是抵御入侵昆虫和病原体的防御蛋白。这些蛋白质最初是在PI的实验室中被鉴定、分离和鉴定的，随后发现在马铃薯、番茄和紫花苜蓿的叶片中合成了对昆虫攻击或严重机械伤害的反应。作为调控植物中蛋白酶抑制基因表达的伤口信号转导系统研究的一部分，PI的实验室已经从番茄和马铃薯植物中分离并鉴定了几个蛋白酶抑制基因。有了这些基因，他们已经能够研究对发育和环境信号做出反应而表达的蛋白酶抑制基因家族的结构、组织和调节。他们最近发现了一种18个氨基酸的多肽作为蛋白酶抑制剂的新信号分子，并发现了一种针对抑制剂的挥发性信号分子，还发现了一种针对抑制剂的挥发性信号分子茉莉酸甲酯。在实际应用中，PI已经成功地利用几个蛋白酶抑制基因来改造植物，以提高它们对捕食者的防御能力。