Polypeptide Signaling in Plants: Structure, Function, Evolution and Mechanism of Action of Systemin and Its Precursor, Prosystemin

植物中的多肽信号传导：系统素及其前体前系统素的结构、功能、进化和作用机制

• 批准号: 9601099
• 负责人: Clarence Ryan
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-07-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9601099&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Polypeptide; Signaling; Plants; Structure; Function

9601099 Ryan The objective of this research is to understand the fundamental processes involved in the synthesis and storage of the 200 amino acid prohormone protein, prosystemin, and the mechanisms of processing, release and mode of reception of the 18 amino acid polypeptide hormone, systemin, that is derived from prosystemin in response to wounding by herbivore attacks. The specific cell types in which prosystemin is synthesized will be identified and the sites of its inter- or intracellular storage will be established. The mechanism by which wounding causes processing and release of systemin from prosystemin will be studied, and research to identify the specific novel processing enzymes will be carried out. The processing enzymes will be purified and characterized. The mode of transport of systemin in tomato plants will be investigated and the mechanism(s) of its reception in target cells will be studied at the biochemical and subcellular levels. The full spectrum of proteins that are activated by systemin will be identified, purified and cloned. Prosystemin protein, produced in an E. coli expression system, will be produced in mg quantities to determine its three dimensional structure, and to relate the stuctural features to its storage and processing. The occurrence of prosystemin homologs throughout the plant kingdom will be systematically sought using prosystemin antibodies, cDNA hybridization analyses, and PCR analyses. The role of prosystemin and systemin in systemically activating defense genes in plant species other than tomato will be studied. The possiblity that polypeptide hormones other than systemin may be derived from the prosystemin protein will be examined. Systemin is the only peptide hormone identified in plants to date. It has a role in plant defense against insects and other insults. This research will contribute to our fundamental understanding of how plants cope with stresses that they encounter during their life cycle.

9601099 Ryan 这项研究的目的是了解 200 个氨基酸的激素原蛋白（前系统素）的合成和储存的基本过程，以及 18 个氨基酸的多肽激素（系统素）的加工、释放和接收模式，系统素源自原系统素，以应对草食动物攻击造成的伤害。将鉴定合成前系统蛋白的特定细胞类型，并建立其细胞间或细胞内储存的位点。将研究创伤导致系统素从前系统素加工和释放的机制，并开展研究以确定特定的新型加工酶。加工酶将被纯化和表征。我们将研究系统素在番茄植株中的转运方式，并在生化和亚细胞水平上研究其在靶细胞中的接收机制。系统素激活的全谱蛋白质将被鉴定、纯化和克隆。在大肠杆菌表达系统中产生的前系统蛋白将以毫克为单位生产，以确定其三维结构，并将结构特征与其储存和加工联系起来。将使用前系统蛋白抗体、cDNA 杂交分析和 PCR 分析系统地寻找整个植物界中前系统蛋白同源物的出现情况。将研究前系统素和系统素在番茄以外的植物物种中系统激活防御基因的作用。将检验系统素以外的多肽激素可能源自前系统素蛋白质的可能性。系统素是迄今为止在植物中发现的唯一肽激素。它在植物防御昆虫和其他侵害方面发挥作用。这项研究将有助于我们对植物如何应对其生命周期中遇到的压力的基本理解。