Salt Tolerance and Sodium Transport in Freshwater and Salt Tolerant Charophyte Algae

耐盐能力在植物中是一种可变而复杂的性状。耐盐性包括对渗透胁迫的反应能力和对单个离子毒性的抵抗能力。这些特征在决定植物的自然分布方面很重要，在农业中也很重要，因为盐分可能会限制生产力，特别是在灌溉土壤中。本研究将对轮藻这一与高等植物起源关系密切的复杂水生藻类进行研究。这些藻类有巨大的节间细胞，允许进行其他植物不可能进行的实验操作。两个密切相关的物种，珊瑚轮虫，专有淡水物种，和巴克利轮虫，一种从盐湖采集的物种，可以在淡水或咸水中养殖。这两个物种在调节膨胀度的能力以及对钠和镁的耐受性方面存在差异。比森博士将研究离子通量及其在完整细胞、具有渗透性质膜的细胞、其内部内容物已被灌流并被受控溶液取代的细胞、分离的膜小泡和膜斑块中发生的机制。目的是阐明这种运动的机制，以及这种运动如何受到环境和细胞质因素的控制，从而赋予植物对盐害的抗性。

The ability to tolerate saline conditions is a variable and complex trait in plants. Salinity tolerance includes the ability to respond to osmotic stress and resistance to toxicity of individual ions. These traits are significant in determining the natural distribution of plants, and are important in agriculture, because salinity may limit productivity, especially in irrigated soils. The study will be done on Charophytes, complex macrophytic algae closely related to the line which gave rise to higher plants. These algae have large internodal cells, permitting experimental manipulations not possible in other plants. Two closely related species, Chara corallina, an obligate freshwater species, and C. buckellii, a species collected from a salt lake which can be cultured in fresh or salt water will be studied. The two species differ in their ability to regulate turgor and in their tolerance to sodium and magnesium. Dr. Bisson will study ion fluxes and the mechanism by which they occur in intact cells, cells with permeabilized plasmalemma, cells whose internal contents have been perfused away and replaced by controlled solutions, isolated vesicles of membrane, and patches of membrane. The aim is to elucidate the mechanism of movement and how this movement is controlled by environmental and cytoplasmic factors to confer resistance to salt toxicity.//