Late Holocene History of Precipitation Events in the Equatorial Pacific: A Record from Galapagos Lake Cores

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）的历史提供了地球气候系统响应内部振荡而不是外部强迫的最佳记录之一。迄今为止，关于ENSO变化的最佳证据来自历史观测、珊瑚地球化学和热带高地冰芯的变化。加拉帕戈斯群岛提供了一些关于珊瑚ENSO的最佳记录，但在该地区还没有单独的ENSO历史证实。该提案将通过提供记录在加拉帕戈斯湖硅藻丰度中的降水历史来纠正这一遗漏。由于降水与ENSO强度直接相关，这一记录将有助于确认过去500年的ENSO历史，并将其至少再延长500年。这项研究很重要，因为它将把我们对ENSO的记录回溯到地球历史上气候系统与今天不同的两个时期：小冰河期（17世纪至19世纪）和中世纪温暖期（大约20世纪至20世纪）。12世纪)。

The history of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) provides one of the best records of earth's climatic system responding to an internal oscillation rather than external forcing. To date the best evidence for changes in ENSO have come from historical observations, coral geochemistry and ice core changes in tropical highlands. The Galapagos Islands have provided some of the best records of ENSO from corals, but there has been no separate confirmation of the history of ENSO in this region. This proposal will rectify that omission by providing a history of precipitation as recorded in the diatom abundances of Galapagos lakes. Since precipitation is directly related to ENSO intensity, this record will help to confirm the history of ENSO for the last 500 years as well as extend it back at least another 500 years. This research is important because it will extend our record of ENSO back through two intervals in earth history when the climate system differed from today: the Little Ice Age (17th to 19th century) and the Medieval Warm Period (circa. 12th century).