Dissertation Research: Technological Variability in the Portuguese Magdalenian

论文研究：葡萄牙马格达林时期的技术变异

• 批准号: 9107144
• 负责人: Anthony Marks
• 金额: $ 0.7万
• 依托单位: Southern Methodist University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-05-01 至 1992-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9107144&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Technological; Variability; Portuguese

Under the direction of Dr. Anthony Marks, Mr. Nuno Bicho, a graduate student at Southern Methodist University, will collect data for his doctoral dissertation. He will study a series of lithic assemblages from the Estremadura region of Portugal and which date from 16,500 to 8,500 BP (before present). These materials have been excavated from a number of sites all located in the Rio Maior river valley. While all materials fall within a single archaeologically-defined "cultural tradition" they show a significant amount of variation among individual assemblages and Mr. Bicho wishes to understand the reason for this. A number of potential explanations have been put forward. These range from the possibility that different cultural groups are responsible to the hypothesis that variation is based on task specific factors. To resolve this issue Mr. Bicho will conduct detailed analyses of lithic artifacts. He will distinguish between the form of the artifact and the technique by which it was produced. He (reasonably) assumes that form will reflect task specificity while production technique relates more closely to cultural affiliation. The Magdalenian peoples were among the first in Europe to develop specialized subsistence technologies. They produced magnificent works of art such as the paintings in Lascaux. While they have been relatively well studied in Southwestern France and Northern Spain, their geographical range extends well beyond this area. Mr. Bicho's work will contribute to a broader understanding of the Magdalenians and how they adapted to the rapidly changing environmental conditions at the end of the last Ice Age. In particular, it should provide insight into their social organization. This research also examines basic issues in lithic studies and will help to develop an analytic approach which will be useful in many archaeological situations. Because the prehistory of Portugal is not well known, this work will be of interest to a large number of archaeologists. It will also contribute to the education of an extremely promising young scientist.

在安东尼·马克斯博士的指导下，南卫理公会大学的研究生努诺·比科先生将为他的博士论文收集数据。他将研究葡萄牙埃斯特雷马杜拉地区的一系列岩屑组合，其年代为16,500至8,500 BP(现在之前)。这些材料都是从位于里约马约尔河谷的许多遗址中挖掘出来的。虽然所有的材料都属于考古定义的单一“文化传统”，但它们在各个组合之间表现出了巨大的差异，比科先生希望了解其中的原因。已经提出了一些可能的解释。这些假设的范围从不同文化群体负责的可能性到差异是基于任务特定因素的假设。为了解决这个问题，比科先生将对石器文物进行详细的分析。他将区分文物的形式和制作它的技术。他(合理地)假设形式将反映任务的特殊性，而生产技术与文化联系更密切。马格达勒尼亚人是欧洲最早开发专门的生存技术的人之一。他们创作了宏伟的艺术作品，如拉斯科的油画。虽然它们在法国西南部和西班牙北部得到了相对较好的研究，但它们的地理范围远远超出了这一地区。比科的工作将有助于更广泛地了解马格达勒人，以及他们如何适应上一个冰河时代结束时快速变化的环境条件。特别是，它应该提供对他们社会组织的洞察。这项研究还考察了石器研究中的基本问题，并将有助于开发一种分析方法，这将在许多考古情况下有用。由于葡萄牙的史前历史并不为人所知，这项工作将引起大量考古学家的兴趣。它还将有助于培养一位非常有前途的年轻科学家。