A Comparative Study of the Atmospheric Sulfur Budget in Different Natural Environments

不同自然环境下大气硫收支的比较研究

• 批准号: 9113681
• 负责人: Paul Wine
• 金额: $ 28.17万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-10-15 至 1996-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9113681&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comparative; Study; Atmospheric; Sulfur; Budget

The P.I. plans to conduct field studies focused on (a) the biosphere-atmosphere exchange of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) over continental areas, and (b) the photochemical oxidation of dimethylsulfide (CH2SCH3, DMS) in the marine troposphere. Both processes are important components of the biogeochemical sulfur cycle with potentially large implications for global climate regulation. Exchange rates of COS, CS2, and carbon dioxide (CO2) between plants (and soils) and the atmosphere will be measured on a diurnal and seasonal basis in different natural environments including a loblolly pine forest, an oak-hickory forest, and different agricultural biomes with various types of crops (wheat, corn, soybeans, sorghum). A combination of different methods will be used including the gradient flux technique and enclosure chambers (using ambient air or sulfur-spiked zero air as sweep gas). Studies of the chemical transformation of DMS over coastal and open ocean waters will also be made on a diurnal and seasonal basis. A major part of this program will consist of collaborative measurements involving new, highly sensitive techniques for continuous real-time detection of DMS, major oxidants such as the hydroxy (OH) and hydroperoxy radicals (HO2), and the major DMS oxidation products dimethysulfoxide (DMSO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and gas phase methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and sulfuric acid. The goal is to enhance our understanding of the atmospheric cycles of COS, CS2, and DMS, in response to biological and meteorological factors.

P.I.计划进行实地研究，重点是（a）大陆地区羰基硫（COS）和二硫化碳（CS2）的生物圈-大气交换，以及（b）海洋对流层中二甲硫醚（CH2SCH3，DMS）的光化学氧化。 这两个过程都是生物地球化学硫循环的重要组成部分，对全球气候调节具有潜在的重大影响。 植物（和土壤）与大气之间的 COS、CS2 和二氧化碳 (CO2) 交换率将在不同的自然环境中按昼夜和季节进行测量，包括火炬松林、橡树山核桃林以及种植各种作物（小麦、玉米、大豆、高粱）的不同农业生物群落。 将使用不同方法的组合，包括梯度通量技术和封闭室（使用环境空气或加硫的零空气作为吹扫气体）。 沿海和公海水域 DMS 化学转化的研究也将在每日和季节性的基础上进行。 该计划的主要部分将包括协作测量，涉及连续实时检测 DMS、主要氧化剂（例如羟基 (OH) 和氢过氧自由基 (HO2)）以及主要 DMS 氧化产物二甲亚砜 (DMSO)、二氧化硫 (SO2) 以及气相甲磺酸 (MSA) 和硫酸的协作测量。 酸。 目标是增强我们对 COS、CS2 和 DMS 大气循环的理解，以响应生物和气象因素。