Transport of Hydrocarbon Contaminants in Ice and Ice/Soil Systems

冰和冰/土壤系统中碳氢化合物污染物的迁移

• 批准号: 9119559
• 负责人: Mark Tumeo
• 金额: $ 34.41万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1996-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9119559&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Transport; Hydrocarbon; Contaminants; Ice; Soil

The proposed award is for the support of work over a three-year period. There has been little interest in the fate of hydro- carbon contaminants in cold regions. There has been limited research on water movement in such frozen soils as permafrost. Research on contaminant transport under freezing conditions has increased as interest in human activity in polar regions has increased. The work has three components: 1) bench-scale studies of mechanisms affecting transport processes in ice and soil/ice systems; 2) field studies of two locations (one arctic, the other antarctic) known to have experienced hydrocarbon contamination; and 3) development of a computer model to allow analysis and prediction of hydrocarbons in ice and ice/soil systems. Spatial and temporal variation in soil matrices are important aspects of soil contaminant investigations. Data collected in the physical bench-scale studies will serve as the underlying support for equation development and documentation of the exclusion phenomenon. Also, they will provide specific information on the effects of percent clay and silt, and on exclusion coefficients for the three components of the contaminant mixture (i.e., benzene,toluene and xylene). Field study data will serve to calibrate and validate a transport model. The research will extend current work being done by the Principal Investigators on modelling of hydrocarbon-groundwater interactions under freezing conditions.

拟议的奖金用于支持为期三年的工作。人们对寒冷地区碳氢污染物的命运几乎没有兴趣。对永久冻土等冻土中水分运动的研究有限。随着人们对极地地区人类活动的兴趣增加，对冰冻条件下污染物运输的研究也增加了。这项工作有三个组成部分：1)影响冰和土壤/冰系统中运输过程的机制的实验尺度研究；2)对已知曾遭受碳氢化合物污染的两个地点（一个是北极，另一个是南极）进行实地研究；3)开发计算机模型，用于分析和预测冰和冰/土壤系统中的碳氢化合物。土壤基质的时空变化是土壤污染物研究的重要方面。在物理实验规模的研究中收集的数据将作为开发方程式和记录排除现象的基本支持。此外，它们还将提供有关粘土和淤泥百分比的影响以及污染物混合物的三种成分（即苯、甲苯和二甲苯）的排除系数的具体资料。实地研究数据将用于校准和验证运输模型。这项研究将扩展目前主要研究人员在冻结条件下碳氢化合物与地下水相互作用的建模工作。