Measurement of Solar Plasma Electric Fields

这个建议是观察太阳电场。考虑到太阳等离子体电场在能量释放以及太阳大气中等离子体和高能粒子加速中的核心重要性，相对而言，这些电场受到的关注较少。本研究拟在地面对电场进行测量，以验证电场遥感的“电图”技术。这是基于对太阳氢谱线横向斯塔克效应的测量。PI计划升级SPO仪器，将其灵敏度提高到1伏cm2，并通过观察运动电场（由于任何磁化等离子体中的随机交叉b粒子运动）来测试这种灵敏度，在这种灵敏度水平下，在太阳黑子色球层中应该可以检测到。更广泛地说，他们计划每天使用电图来研究与耀斑、喷发细丝、太阳黑子和光斑有关的电场的强度、几何形状、空间和时间行为。他们还计划将电图技术进一步扩展到红外线，包括有希望的超过10的氢谱线。这项红外工作将与FTS和基特峰的主麦克马斯光谱仪一起进行。这些研究结果将与耀斑的放电和重联模型、耀斑后循环模型、灯丝喷发模型以及最近关于太阳丰度变化的观点进行比较。他们在这些地面观测中的经验也将用于确定在红外线中电图操作的最佳波长，并研究是否可以通过气球、航天飞机或卫星上飞行的电图来实现对圆盘和翼部的电场测量的重要优势。

This proposal is to observe solar electric fields. Solar plasma electric fields have received relatively little attention considering the central importance of such fields in energy release, and in plasma and energetic particle acceleration in the solar atmosphere. This proposal is to carry out ground-based measurements of such fields to validate the promising "electrograph" technique of electric field remote sensing. This is based on measurement of the transverse Stark effect in solar hydrogen lines. The PI plans to upgrade the SPO instrument to increase its sensitivity to 1 volt cm1, and test this sensitivity by observing the motional electric field (due to random cross-B particle motions in any magnetized plasma) which should become detectable in the sunspot chromosphere at this sensitivity level. More broadly, they plan to operate the electrograph on a daily basis to study the intensity, geometry, and spatial and time behavior of electric fields associated with flares, eruptive filaments, sunspots and faculae. They also plan to extend the electrograph technique farther into the infrared, to include promising hydrogen lines out to beyond 10 . This IR work will be carried out with the FTS and with the main McMath spectrograph at Kitt Peak. The results of thes investigations will be compared to the discharge and reconnection models of flares, to models of post-flare loops, filament eruptions, and also to recent ideas on solar abundance variations. They experience in these ground- based observations will be also used to determine the optimum wavelengths of electrograph operation in the infrared, and to investigate whether important advantages in electric field measurements on the disc and at the limb might be achieved with an electrograph flown on a balloon, on the Shuttle or on a satellite.