Existence Values and Option Prices for Environmental Public Goods: Laboratory Investigations

环境公共物品的存在价值和期权价格：实验室调查

• 批准号: 9122189
• 负责人: David Brookshire
• 金额: $ 4.32万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-04-15 至 1994-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9122189&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Existence; Values; Option; Prices; Environmental

Environmental resources such as wilderness areas, plant or animal species, and visibility are public goods yielding benefits which may be broadly classified as use and non-use. For example, in the case of a remote wilderness area some people intend to visit it, and they will enjoy a use benefit. Others are not certain they will ever visit the area, but nonetheless wish to keep that option open. Still others derive a benefit from simply knowing the wilderness area exists. These option and existence values represent categories of non-use values. The Grand Canyon is a good example of a resource which gives rise to all three categories of values. The sum of the use, option, and existence values represents the total value of the environmental amenity. It is important to identify the individual components, not only the total value of these amenities. Such identification is important to ensuring consistency of measurement as well as to address questions of the appropriate means to fund the provision, protection and preservation of these amenities. It is fairly well understood how to properly measure the benefit to direct users (use value). However, there is much less agreement concerning the measurement of non-use (option and existence) values. The purpose of this project is to conduct a series of laboratory experiments designed to measure these three benefit components associated with environmental amenities. The study will provide estimates of the bounds on the values arising from existence and option component of total value. This research is important because increasing stress on the natural environment is causing public policy to focus on issues associated with the preservation environmental assets. Further, the courts have seen fit to include non-use values in environmental damage cases. Thus, there is a need to develop methods for accurate measurement of non-use values.

环境资源，如荒野地区、植物或动物 物种和可见性是产生效益的公共产品， 可以大致分为使用和不使用。 例如在 在一个偏远的荒野地区，有些人打算访问的情况下， 而他们，也将享受到一份丰厚的回报。 其他人则不确定 他们将永远不会访问该地区，但仍然希望保持这一点， 选项打开。 还有一些人仅仅从知道 荒野是存在的。 这些选择和存在价值 代表非使用价值的类别。 大峡谷是一个 一个很好的例子，一个资源，引起所有三个 价值观的类别。 使用、选择和存在的总和 值代表环境舒适度的总价值。 重要的是要确定各个组成部分，不仅 这些设施的总价值。 这种识别是 重要的是确保测量的一致性， 解决为该规定提供资金的适当手段问题， 保护和维护这些设施。 如何正确地衡量效益， 使用价值（Use Value）。 然而， 关于衡量不使用情况的协定（备选办法和 存在）价值观。 该项目的目的是进行一项 一系列实验室实验旨在测量这三个 与环境舒适设施相关的福利成分。 的 研究将提供对所产生的值的界限的估计， 总价值的存在性和选择性成分。 这 研究很重要，因为对自然环境的压力越来越大， 环境正在促使公共政策关注 与保护环境资产有关。 此外，本发明还 法院认为将非使用价值纳入 环境破坏案件。 因此，有必要发展 准确测量非使用价值的方法。