Collaborative Research: WSC-Category 3 - Climate and Population Change and Thresholds of Peak Ecological Water: Integrated Synthesis for Dryland Rivers

合作研究：WSC-类别 3 - 气候和人口变化以及生态水峰值阈值：旱地河流综合合成

• 批准号: 1038916
• 负责人: David Brookshire
• 金额: $ 47.15万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1038916&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; WSC; Category; Climate

Ecosystems provide a wide variety of services to human societies. The services from riparian ecosystems in the Southwest United States derive from the presence of water in a dry land and a web of physical, biological and human processes. Southwestern rivers have been significantly altered by human impacts through surface water diversions, damming, groundwater extraction and impacts from land use change. This project seeks to understand how ecosystem services change in response to extraction or addition of water to ecosystems due to population change and climate change. The project will look at how the value of ecosystem services changes in response to decreases in water availability and to increases in water availability to these systems. The standing hypothesis is that once dewatered, restoration of hydrologic conditions will result in a lower level of ecosystem services and value than was originally found in these ecosystems. The utilization of existing data on dewatering and on restoration will provide a robust library of understanding of how the value of ecosystems services in riparian systems change in response to hydrologic and biological conditions. This library of knowledge will then be used to understand how these systems might respond to drivers of change in these systems. Further understanding of the interaction of physical, biological and economic processes in free flowing river systems will better inform management in more controlled and human affected systems such as dammed rivers or rivers with large amounts of diversion for agriculture. Since this project will project the potential effects of future changes in population change and climate change, it is important that these efforts be transferred quickly to the decision-making realm. This project's team incorporates federal, state and local stakeholders. Interaction with these stakeholders will ensure that this research is relevant and can quickly be applied in the real world. This interaction will also expose students and post-doctoral researchers to potential career paths across the earth, ecosystem and economic sciences.

生态系统为人类社会提供各种各样的服务。 美国西南部河岸生态系统的服务来自于旱地中的水以及物理、生物和人类过程的网络。西南部的河流已被显着改变人类的影响，通过地表水改道，筑坝，地下水开采和土地利用变化的影响。该项目旨在了解生态系统服务如何因人口变化和气候变化而对生态系统的水提取或增加做出反应。 该项目将研究生态系统服务的价值如何随着这些系统可用水的减少和增加而变化。现有的假设是，一旦脱水，水文条件的恢复将导致生态系统服务和价值低于这些生态系统中最初发现的水平。 利用现有的脱水和恢复数据将提供一个强大的图书馆，了解河岸系统中生态系统服务的价值如何根据水文和生物条件而变化。 这个知识库将用于了解这些系统如何应对这些系统中的变化驱动因素。进一步了解自由流动的河流系统中的物理，生物和经济过程的相互作用将更好地为更多受控制和人为影响的系统（如筑坝河流或大量农业改道的河流）的管理提供信息。 由于该项目将预测未来人口变化和气候变化的潜在影响，因此必须将这些努力迅速转移到决策领域。该项目的团队包括联邦、州和地方利益攸关方。与这些利益相关者的互动将确保这项研究具有相关性，并能迅速应用于真实的世界。 这种互动也将使学生和博士后研究人员接触到地球，生态系统和经济科学的潜在职业道路。