Preparation, Characterization and Catalytic Behavior of Alumina-Supported Platinym/Tin Reforming Catalysts and Related Model Systems

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This is a fundamental study of alumina-supported, platinum-tin bimetallic, hydrocarbon reforming catalysts. Model and real catalytic surfaces are studied, including platinized tin oxide films, tin-decorated platinum crystals, platinum/tin alloy surfaces, and platinum and/or tin deposited on planar alumina, planar carbon, or porous alumina. Various surface analytical techniques are used, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), electron-stimulated desorption (ESD), and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). Catalytic reforming reactions are run at both low and high pressures using a reactor attached to the ultrahigh-vacuum characterization system. Catalytic behavior is correlated with elements of catalyst structure as elucidated by the characterization studies. Bimetallic reforming catalysts, including the platinum/tin system studied in this project, are the principal technology enabling production of larger amounts of high-octane fuels from ever-decreasing quality grades of crude oil. They also have an increasing role in environmental amelioration. Despite their great economic importance, they are still poorly understood. The volumes and added value produced with these catalysts are such that even small improvements can have egret economic benefit. //