The Dynamics of Scientific Knowledge: Beyond Rationality, Realism, and Social Constructivism

科学知识的动力：超越理性、现实主义和社会建构主义

• 批准号: 9122683
• 负责人: Joseph T. Rouse
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Wesleyan University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-03-01 至 1994-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9122683&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamics; Scientific; Knowledge; Beyond; Rationality

Dr. Rouse is tracing the emergence of new images of science and new ways of conceptualizing and investigating scientific knowledge from criticism of philosophical and sociological disputes over realism and the rationality of science. These disputes typically presume a conception of scientific knowledge as a body of representations whose content and relation to the world must be explained, whether by reasons and evidence "internal" to science, or "external" social and practical embodiment of scientific knowledge and its temporal dynamics. Dr. Rouse believes that these disputes oversimplify and distort the political and cultural significance of the sciences in their attempt to vindicate or challenge the legitimacy of the scientific enterprise. Dr. Rouse is attempting to develop a more adequate account of these aspects of the sciences, using his account to criticize directly the concepts of the "content" of scientific knowledge and the "ontological status" of its objects which are at issue in the rationality and realism disputes. He aims to show how the positions in these disputes derive their apparent significance from their place within what he sees as problematic cultural conflicts over the "legitimacy of the modern age."

劳斯博士正在通过对哲学和社会学关于现实主义和科学合理性的争论的批评，追踪新的科学形象的出现，以及对科学知识概念化和调查的新方法。这些争论通常假定科学知识的概念是一种表现形式，其内容和与世界的关系必须得到解释，无论是通过科学“内部”的原因和证据，还是科学知识及其时间动态的“外部”社会和实践体现。劳斯博士认为，在试图维护或挑战科学事业的合法性时，这些争议过分简单化和扭曲了科学的政治和文化意义。劳斯博士试图对科学的这些方面做出更充分的解释，利用他的描述直接批评科学知识的“内容”及其对象的“本体论地位”的概念，这些概念在合理性和现实主义的争论中是有争议的。他的目标是展示这些争端中的立场是如何从他们在他看来存在问题的文化冲突中的位置获得明显的意义的，这些冲突涉及“现代的合法性”。