High-Quality Astronomical Images and Spectra with the Boston University Solar Telescope

波士顿大学的太阳望远镜已经使用了十多年，让学生们可以观测太阳黑子、耀斑和高分辨率的太阳光谱。新技术使这台望远镜得以翻新，配备了CCD探测器和照相机，新的光学工作台和驱动电机，以及基于个人计算机的驱动、记录和标绘系统。有了翻新的望远镜，学生们可以制作、记录和带走太阳黑子、色球发射、耀斑和光谱观测的硬拷贝。光谱分辨率足够高，可以直接看到东西两端夫琅和费线相对于地球大气层中出现的参考线的多普勒频移。通过测量多谱勒频移加上太阳黑子的角运动，学生可以测量到太阳的距离。用望远镜观测金星的相位和角度大小的变化(由于金星如此明亮，可以在白天进行)，然后也可以确定它的轨道大小。将光谱分辨率设置为较低级别可以获得恒星、行星和月球的第一手光谱。

The Boston University Solar Telescope has been used for over ten years to allow students to observe sunspots, flares, and high-resolution optical spectra of the sun. New technology allows the renovation of this telescope with CCD detectors and cameras, a new optical bench and driving motor, and personal- computer based driving, recording, and plotting system. With a refurbished telescope, students can make, record, and take away hard copies of observations of sunspots, chromospheric emission, flares, and spectra. The spectral resolution is high enough to see first-hand the doppler shifts of the Fraunhofer lines, at the eastern and western limbs, relative to reference lines arising in Earth's atmosphere. Measurements of the doppler shifts plus angular motions of sunspots allow students to measure the distance to the Sun. Observations of the phases and angular size changes of Venus with the telescope (which can be done in the daytime since Venus is so bright) then allow a determination of the size of its orbit as well. Setting the spectral resolution to a lower level allows first-hand spectroscopy of stars, planets, and the moon.