Insect Herbivory Density and Variable Selection on Components of Plant Defense

昆虫食草密度和植物防御成分的变量选择

• 批准号: 9207518
• 负责人: Arthur Weis
• 金额: $ 25.47万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-01-01 至 1996-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9207518&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Insect; Herbivory; Density; Variable; Selection

Plant defenses against herbivory can be divided into two types of traits. Some traits influence the likelihood that herbivores will settle on and consume the plant, and are called resistance. Other traits affect physiological adjustments to mitigate the adverse effects of damage, and are called tolerance. The effects of defense traits on plant fitness will not be static, but vary as herbivore population densities wax and wane. Theoretically, selection on plant defense can be analyzed as selection on reaction norms for the defensive components. To test this theory experiments to determine, (1) How the contributions of resistance and tolerance to plant fitness vary with herbivore density, and, (2) whether there are trade-offs between resistance and tolerance that vary with herbivore density are proposed. This investigation will use the native weed, goldenrod (Solidago altissima). Genotypic replicates will be planted in plots where herbivore population density or infestation levels are manipulated. The results will reveal the sensitivity of selection on defense components to herbivore population density. Insights gained in this study can help in designing biological control programs for weeds, and breeding programs for crop resistance to insects.

植物对食草动物的防御可以分为两种类型， 性状 有些特征会影响食草动物 定居并消耗植物，被称为抗性。 其他 性状影响生理调整，以减轻不利的 损害的影响，并被称为宽容。 的影响 防御性状对植物适应性的影响不会是静态的，而是随着 食草动物的种群密度有增有减。 从理论上讲， 植物防御选择可以分析为反应选择 防御性成分的标准。 为了验证这一理论 实验来确定，（1）电阻的贡献如何 对植物适合度的耐受性随食草动物密度而变化， (2)抵抗和宽容之间是否存在权衡 随食草动物密度的变化而变化。 这次调查 将使用本地杂草，黄花（一枝黄花）。 基因型复制品将种植在食草动物 控制种群密度或侵扰水平。 的 结果将揭示选择对防御的敏感性 食草动物种群密度的组成部分。 获得的见解 这项研究可以帮助设计生物控制程序， 杂草和作物抗虫育种计划。