Repetitive DNA Sequences in Genome Organization of Phyllostomoid Bats: Test of a Molecular Model for Chromosomal Divergence

该提案的设计带来了分子的优势， 生物学、细胞遗传学和分支系统学来检验这一假设， 快速的染色体变化和核型停滞主要是 在分子水平上通过重复的 序列的 我们预测， 核型将有：1）丰富的拷贝和类别， 快速进化的重复序列;2）串联重复 序列将积极改变染色体领域， 非同源染色体; 3）散布的重复序列 由于以下原因，序列和拷贝数将发生变化 换位 或者说，经历了漫长时期的血统 染色体组型的停滞将有：1）更少的串联类 重复序列是低拷贝数; 2）串联重复 限制于特定染色体区域的序列;和3） 散布的元素将以类似于 其他中性DNA，由于转座率较低。 新 选择世界叶鼻蝠是因为单系的分类群是 研究是有据可查的，他们表现出极端的利率， 核型进化的类型。 检查方法将 包括基因组文库系统发育筛选，以确定 快速进化的重复序列的数量和种类。 染色体位置和移动将由 原位杂交数据的分支分析。

The design of this proposal brings strengths from molecular biology, cytogenetics, and cladistics to test the hypothesis that rapid chromosomal change and karyotypic stasis are primarily mediated at the molecular level by activity of repetitive sequences. We predict that taxa with radically reorganized karyotypes will have: 1) an abundance of copies and classes of rapidly evolving repetitive sequences;2) tandemly repeated sequences will have actively changed chromosomal fields among nonhomologous chromosomes; and 3) interspersed repeated sequences will have undergone changes in sequence and copy number due to transposition. Alternatively, lineages experiencing long periods of karyotypic stasis will have: 1) fewer classes of tandemly repeated sequences is low copy number; 2) tandemly repeated sequences restricted to specific chromosomal regions; and 3) interspersed elements will evolve at a rate similar to that of other neutral DNA, due to a lower rate of transposition. New World leaf-nosed bats were chosen because monophyly of taxa to be studied is well documented and they exhibit extremes in rates and types of karyotypic evolution. Methods of examination will include phylogenetic screening of genome libraries to determine the number and kind of rapidly evolving repetitive sequences. Chromosomal position and movement will be documented by cladistical analysis of data from in situ hybridization.