Synthesis and Processing of Carbon Black Macromonomers for Design of Advanced Separation Systems for Adsorption and/or Filtration of Trace Contaminants

这个项目的目标是设计反应可塑性，碳 可以选择性地和定量地除去 来自环境的各种痕量污染物， 也允许回收和再利用。 这将通过 首先控制高表面和低表面的化学性质， 区域炭黑颗粒以提供酸性，碱性， 孔中的中性或高极性表面。 研究者将 然后将各种反应性单元引入到所述表面上， 炭黑以使其表现为可聚合的大分子单体。 这将通过1）化学反应，2） 具有低聚单元如甲阶酚醛树脂的表面位点，或3）通过 用非常薄的聚合物膜如聚丙烯酸涂覆。 然后将这些大分子单体反应模塑成特定形状 通过表面上的反应性基团的交联。 这 一种新的环境控制方法可以解决大多数 与活性炭系统相关的限制通常 在今天使用。 需要深入研究的特征包括：1） 表面积变化与不同化学物质有关 处理，2）机械性能的测定， 反应模塑的大分子单体和再活化的可行性 通过电阻加热的这些模制形状，3） 使用各种不同的方法选择性吸附痕量污染物， 化学处理系统，4）分级深度过滤器的设计 用于50- 500 A范围内的颗粒过滤，以及5） 离子聚集体的分离， 间隙开口被设计为显示特定的离子 性格

The goals of this project are to design reaction moldable, carbon black macromonomers which can selectively and quantitatively remove a wide range of trace contaminants from the environment and would also permit for recovery and reuse. This will be accomplished by first controlling the chemical nature of both high and low surface area carbon black particles to provide a range of acidic, basic, neutral or high polar surfaces in the pores. The investigator will then introduce a variety of reactive units onto the surface of the carbon black to make it behave as a polymerizable macromonomer. This will be done through 1) chemical reactions, 2) reaction of surface sites with oligomeric units such as resoles, or 3) through coating with very thin polymeric films, such as polyacrylic acid. These macromonomers will then be reaction molded to specific shapes through crosslinking of the reactive groups on the surface. This new approach to environmental control could address most of the limitations associated with the activated carbon systems typically in use today. Features to be investigated in depth include: 1) the surface area changes associated with different chemical treatments, 2) the determination of mechanical properties of the reaction molded macromonomers and the feasibility for reactivation of these molded shapes through electrical resistance heating, 3) the selective adsorption of trace contaminants using the various chemically treated systems, 4) the design of graded depth filters for particulate filtration in the range of 50-500A, and 5) separation of ionic aggregates where the surface of the interstitial opening is designed to display a specific ionic character.