The Classification of R&D

自20世纪50年代以来，美国国家科学基金会一直依赖于 基础研究、应用研究和 为了比较两个国家的研发支出， 公共和私营部门使用一套共同的 定义. 本研究的目的是：（1）如何 完全或准确地基本/应用/发展 分类方案反映了整个研发过程，（2） 任何一个分类方案的一般性， 制造业。 根据广泛的电话采访和邮件调查， 化学工业公司的代表性样本， 机械工业和电气电子设备 工业，关于研发构成的信息将 收集和评估，以补充 基本/应用/发展方案， 支出类别。

Since the 1950s, the National Science Foundation has relied on the categories of basic research, applied research, and development in an effort to compare R&D expenditures in both the public and private sectors using a common set of definitions. The objective of this research is to question (1) how completely or accurately the basic/applied/development classification scheme reflects the overall R&D process and (2) the generality of any one classification scheme throughout the manufacturing sector. Based on extensive telephone interviews and mail surveys to a representative sample of firms in the chemicals industry, the machinery industry, and the electric and electronic equipment industry, information on the composition of R&D will be collected and evaluated in an effort to supplement the basic/applied/development scheme with more discrete expenditure categories.