U.S.-Sweden-Norway Cooperative Research: Measurement and Interpretation of Postglacial Rebound-Induced Crustal Deformation Rates

这个为期一年的奖项支持美国-瑞典-挪威的合作研究，由马萨诸塞州剑桥市史密森天体物理天文台的James Davis和瑞典查尔姆斯理工大学Onsala空间天文台的Bernt O. Ronnang进行。这项研究的目的是测量瑞典和挪威（芬诺斯坎迪亚）某地的三维地壳运动。对地壳速度的估计将用于确定芬诺斯坎迪亚地下地幔的粘度，并校正与当地垂直地壳运动有关的海平面变化的估计。了解地幔的黏度是理解地幔对流（板块构造运动的驱动力）的必要条件。地壳运动的海平面变化估计是确定全球海平面变化的必要条件，海平面变化是衡量全球变暖的重要指标。卫星测量技术将用于估计地壳速度。该项目利用了美国和瑞典研究小组的互补专业知识以及瑞典与北欧理事会资助机构的协调。美国调查人员在处理空间大地测量数据和利用这些数据估计地球物理参数方面有丰富的经验。瑞典集团对该地区的了解补充了这一点。他们将计划调查、现场勘察，并与北欧理事会协调工作。

This one-year award supports U.S.-Sweden-Norway cooperative research between James Davis of the Smithsonian's Astrophysics Observatory in Cambridge, Massachusetts and Bernt O. Ronnang of the Onsala Space Observatory, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala, Sweden. The objective of the research is to take measurements of three-dimensional crustal motion at locations in Sweden and Norway (Fennoscandia). The estimates of crustal velocity will be used to determine viscosity of the Earth's mantle beneath Fennoscandia and to correct estimates of sea-level change associated with local vertical crustal motion. Knowledge of the mantle's viscosity is required for understanding mantle convection, the driving force of plate tectonic motion. The estimates of sea-level change for crustal motion is required for determining global sea-level change, an important gauge of global warming. Satellite surveying techniques are to be employed for estimating crustal velocity. The project takes advantage of complementary expertise of the U.S. and Swedish research groups and Swedish coordination with the Nordic Council funding agencies. The U.S. investigators have extensive experience in the processing of space geodetic data and using this data to estimate geophysical parameters. This is complemented by the Swedish group's knowledge of the region. They will plan the surveys, the site reconnaissance and coordinate the effort with the Nordic Council.