Phylogeny and Classification of the Bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)

竹子(Poaceae：Bambusoideae)包括真正的竹子和水稻，是温带和热带草类的一个形态和生态多样性的类群，约有116属1300种。水稻是一种重要的谷类作物，人们对其进行了广泛的研究，但真正的竹子(木本和草本)在分类学上的知名度要低得多，我们对竹子的了解仍然存在很大差距。竹子类群之间以及竹子和其他草之间的进化关系仅被粗略地探索过。艾奥瓦州立大学的克拉克和温德尔博士结合了形态和分子技术的专业知识，正在全球范围内研究竹子的分类多样性。他们研究的主要目标是：1.使用一种结合形态和基因组数据与现代分支学方法相结合的方法，产生一个明确而可靠的竹子进化的系统发育假说；以及2.在部落和属的水平上对竹子进行分类，将相关的物种组联合成单系组(所有那些可能共享最近共同祖先的物种)。形态研究将包括通过扫描电子显微镜对叶片和种子表面特征进行新的调查。分子研究将包括分析叶绿体DNA的限制性内切酶的模式。来自世界各地的合作者正在提供来自众多竹子属的样本。这项研究承诺将形态和基因组数据结合在一起，首次从全球角度研究竹子的进化，并将促进后续对竹子及其近缘植物的分类学和生物地理学研究。

The bamboos (family Poaceae: Bambusoideae), which include the true bamboos and rices, are a morphologically and ecologically diverse group of temperate and tropical grasses that comprise approximately 116 genera and 1300 species. The rices, an important cereal crop, have been extensively studied, but the true bamboos (both woody and herbaceous) are much less well known taxonomically, and large gaps in our knowledge of bamboos remain. Evolutionary relationships among the groups of bamboos, and between bamboos and other grasses, have been only superficially explored. With combined expertise in morphological and molecular techniques, Drs. Clark and Wendel of Iowa State University are studying the taxonomic diversity of bamboos on a worldwide basis. The primary goals of their research are: 1. to produce an explicit and robust phylogenetic hypothesis of bamboo evolution using a combined approach to integrate morphological and genomic data with modern cladistic methods, and 2. to generate a classification of the bamboos at the tribal and generic levels that will ally related groups of species into monophyletic groups (all those likely sharing a recent common ancestor). Morphological studies will include new investigations by scanning electron microscopy of leaf and seed surface features. Molecular studies will include analyses of patterns of restriction-enzyme digests of chloroplast DNA. Collaborators from around the world are supplying samples from the numerous genera of bamboos. The research promises the first global perspective on bamboo evolution uniting morphological and genomic data, and will facilitate subsequent taxonomic and biogeographic studies of bamboos and their close relatives.