Phylogeny and Classification of the Bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)

竹（Poaceae: Bambusoideae），包括真竹和水稻，是温带和热带禾本科植物中形态和生态多样化的一组，约有116属1300种。水稻是一种重要的谷类作物，人们对其进行了广泛的研究，但真正的竹子（木本和草本）在分类学上却鲜为人知，我们对竹子的认识仍然存在很大的空白。竹子群之间的进化关系，以及竹子和其他禾本科植物之间的进化关系，都只是肤浅的探索。结合形态学和分子技术的专业知识。爱荷华州立大学的克拉克和温德尔正在世界范围内研究竹子的分类多样性。他们研究的主要目标是：1。利用形态学和基因组学数据与现代分支学方法相结合的方法，对竹子的进化提出明确而有力的系统发育假说；在部落和属的水平上对竹子进行分类，将相关的物种群体联合成单系群体（所有可能拥有最近共同祖先的群体）。形态学研究将包括用扫描电子显微镜对叶片和种子表面特征进行新的研究。分子研究将包括分析叶绿体DNA的限制性内切酶消化模式。来自世界各地的合作者正在提供来自众多竹属的样本。该研究有望将形态和基因组数据结合起来，首次从全球视角研究竹子的进化，并将促进随后对竹子及其近亲的分类和生物地理学研究。

The bamboos (family Poaceae: Bambusoideae), which include the true bamboos and rices, are a morphologically and ecologically diverse group of temperate and tropical grasses that comprise approximately 116 genera and 1300 species. The rices, an important cereal crop, have been extensively studied, but the true bamboos (both woody and herbaceous) are much less well known taxonomically, and large gaps in our knowledge of bamboos remain. Evolutionary relationships among the groups of bamboos, and between bamboos and other grasses, have been only superficially explored. With combined expertise in morphological and molecular techniques, Drs. Clark and Wendel of Iowa State University are studying the taxonomic diversity of bamboos on a worldwide basis. The primary goals of their research are: 1. to produce an explicit and robust phylogenetic hypothesis of bamboo evolution using a combined approach to integrate morphological and genomic data with modern cladistic methods, and 2. to generate a classification of the bamboos at the tribal and generic levels that will ally related groups of species into monophyletic groups (all those likely sharing a recent common ancestor). Morphological studies will include new investigations by scanning electron microscopy of leaf and seed surface features. Molecular studies will include analyses of patterns of restriction-enzyme digests of chloroplast DNA. Collaborators from around the world are supplying samples from the numerous genera of bamboos. The research promises the first global perspective on bamboo evolution uniting morphological and genomic data, and will facilitate subsequent taxonomic and biogeographic studies of bamboos and their close relatives.