Bolide Impact on Evaporite Terrane: Sulfur Gas Emission, Aerosol Formation, and Ejecta Dispersal

高硫撞击玻璃球粒的地球化学证据 白垩纪/第三纪（K/T）界线表明， 发生在蒸发岩沉积物上，导致主要排放 到大气层。 PI将研究火流星的后果 对这种气体的影响，导致含硫气体的脱气 硫酸气溶胶的形成和影响 大气层和土地。 硫酸气溶胶， 酸雨可能是导致全球物种灭绝的关键因素， K/T边界。 因此，预防措施的严重性可能在很大程度上是 这是目标岩的特殊地质作用 期间 第一年，PI将通过实验确定 硬石膏和石膏沉积物的脱气和 硫气体排放。 第二年，PI将对 撞击引起的硫酸气溶胶的环境影响。 这些影响可能包括：（a）由于 硬石膏分解产生的CaO沉降物，（B）总体 平流层硫酸盐气溶胶导致的冷却，以及（c）酸雨 硫酸盐气溶胶的沉降物

Geochemical evidence from high-sulfur impact glass spherules at the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary indicates that a bolide impact occurred on evaporite sediment terrane, resulting in major emission to the atmosphere. PIs will study the consequences of bolide impact on such terrane, the resulting degassing of sulfurous gases to the atmosphere, formation of sulfuric acid aerosol, and effects on the atmosphere and land. Sulfuric acid aerosol and possibly acid rain may have been key factors in the global extinction at the K/T boundary. The severity of the extinctions may thus be largely a function of the unusual geology of the target terrane. During the first year PIs will determine experimentally the processes of degassing of anhydrite and gypsum sediments and the speciation of sulfur gases emitted. In the second year PIs will model the environmental effects of an impact-induced sulfuric acid aerosol. These effects may include: (a) alkalinity crisis due to the fallout of CaO derived from dissociation of anhydrite, (b) global cooling due to stratospheric sulfate aerosol, and (c) acid rain from fallout of sulfate aerosol.