Regulation of Mu activity in maize

玉米 Mu 活性的调节

• 批准号: 9219587
• 负责人: Michael Freeling
• 金额: $ 54.64万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-04-01 至 1997-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9219587&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Regulation; Mu; activity; maize

The transposable element, Mu, found in maize is unique in several ways. The element was first cloned by this laboratory, but subsequent studies by several laboratories demonstrated that all of the cloned elements identified as Mu were imperfect in that they could not in themselves induce transposition. The "master" element was finally cloned and characterized by this laboratory, as well as two other laboratories in 1991, and the proposed work is a continuation of those studies. The element encodes two messages when in an active chromosomal position. Differences in chromosomal position and mode of sexual transmission can effect the rate of MuR1 transposition. We have also shown that the element can and will automutate, and we will use these automutants along with other more conventionally derived mutants to describe the mechanism of transposition and functions of the two transcripts and their proteins. A long term goal will be to attempt to utilize this element to transposon tag cereal crops that are so important to world nutrition. %%% Transposons, or "jumping genes" have proven to be of intellectual interest in understanding fundamental genetic mechanisms and of practical importance, in that they can be engineered as gene vectors. Both of those interests are best served in the complete characterization and understanding of the characteristics of such DNA sequences. Mu is extremely important to characterize in that it has already been found to have properties which are unique among the hundreds of transposable elements so far characterized. The detection of the fragments of the element in barley offers the long-range hope that genetic engineering might provide an extremely important tool for improving cereal crops throughout the world.

在玉米中发现的转座元件Mu在几个方面都是独一无二的。该元件最初是由该实验室克隆的，但随后几个实验室的研究表明，所有被鉴定为Mu的克隆元件都是不完美的，因为它们本身不能诱导转座。1991年，这个实验室和另外两个实验室最终克隆了“主”元素并确定了其特征，拟议的工作是这些研究的继续。当处于活跃的染色体位置时，该元件编码两个信息。染色体位置和性传播方式的差异会影响MuR1转座的比率。我们还证明了该元件可以并将自动转换，我们将使用这些自动突变和其他更传统的突变体来描述转座的机制和两个转录本及其蛋白质的功能。一个长期目标将是尝试利用这种元素来转座子标记对世界营养如此重要的谷类作物。%转座子或“跳跃基因”已被证明在理解基本遗传机制方面具有智力兴趣和实际重要性，因为它们可以作为基因载体进行工程设计。对这种DNA序列的特征进行完整的描述和理解是最符合这两种利益的。Mu的特征是极其重要的，因为已经发现它具有迄今为止所表征的数百个转座元素中独一无二的性质。大麦中元素片段的检测提供了长期的希望，即基因工程可能为改善世界各地的谷类作物提供一个极其重要的工具。