Dissertation Research: Systematic Cultural Change in the U. S. Prehistoric Southwest

论文研究：美国史前西南部的系统文化变迁

• 批准号: 9219848
• 金额: $ 0.74万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-11-01 至 1994-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9219848&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Systematic; Cultural; Change

Under the direction of Dr. Margaret Nelson, Mr Michael Diehl will collect data for his doctoral dissertation. He will study materials at a number of U.S. museums which house archaeological collections from the Mogollon region of New Mexico. The goal of the work is to examine the emergence of inequality within social groups over time. Dr. Diehl will focus on the Early and Late Pithouse periods because over this time period clear changes in subsistence and settlement strategy are documented in the archaeological record. Pithouse peoples started as highly moble hunters and collectors and over time appear to have settled in larger groupings. Sites were occupied for longer periods of time and dependence on agriculture appears to have increased. In many parts of the world similar changes are correlated with the emergence of social inequality among domestic household units. It is unclear whether a this phenomenon occurred among Pithouse peoples and Mr. Diehl will examine this question. More importantly, he will try to discern the underlying mechanisms which underlay the changes which took place and try to determine precise cause and effect relationships. To accomplish this, he will examine excavation documents, botanical remains, ceramics and "luxury" items from a series of sites which span this time period. In this way he can reconstruct changes in subsistence, settlement and social differentiation. This research is important for several reasons. Social inequality is both a fact of life and a cause of problems which face many societies today. Anthropologists wish to understand how this phenomenon originally arose and this research will address the issue. It will also assist in the training of a promising young scientist.

在Margaret Nelson博士的指导下，Michael Diehl先生将为他的博士论文收集数据。他将在许多美国博物馆研究材料，这些博物馆收藏了新墨西哥州莫戈隆地区的考古收藏品。这项工作的目标是研究随着时间的推移，社会群体内部不平等的出现。Diehl博士将专注于早期和晚期的坑屋时期，因为在这段时间里，生存和定居策略的明显变化被记录在考古记录中。茅屋人最初是高度移动的猎人和收藏家，随着时间的推移，似乎已经定居在更大的群体中。遗址被占用的时间更长，对农业的依赖似乎也增加了。在世界许多地方，类似的变化与家庭单位之间社会不平等的出现有关。目前尚不清楚这种现象是否发生在皮特豪斯民族中，迪尔先生将研究这个问题。更重要的是，他将试图辨别发生变化的潜在机制，并试图确定精确的因果关系。为了实现这一目标，他将从一系列跨越这一时期的遗址中研究挖掘文件、植物遗迹、陶瓷和“奢侈品”。通过这种方式，他可以重构生存、定居和社会分化的变化。这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。社会不平等既是生活的事实，也是当今许多社会面临的问题的根源。人类学家希望了解这种现象最初是如何产生的，这项研究将解决这个问题。它还将协助培训一名有前途的年轻科学家。