Modeling the Hydrologic Budget, the Heat Budget, and the Circulation of Crater Lake, Oregon

本提案要求支持一名博士后研究员协助实施最先进的火山口湖模型，该模型将观测到的大气强迫与热收支、湖泊环流和水文收支相结合。火山口湖是美国最深的湖泊，是一个封闭的盆地火山口湖，位于俄勒冈州中南部喀斯喀特山脉海拔1882米。由国家公园管理局资助的正在进行的湖沼学研究将通过一项新的为期六年的关于水文预算、热量预算和湖泊循环的气候控制的研究来扩大。这个项目将由国家公园管理局资助，作为新的“国家公园生态系统综合研究”的一部分，并将与奥林匹克半岛生物地理区的其他元素联系在一起。作为该项目的一部分，我们部署了一个覆盖整个水柱的永久性热敏电阻系泊。该连续数据集还得到了CTD（电导率、温度、深度）数据的支持，这些数据是在湖泊可访问时（3个月/年）收集的。气象数据也正在从一个浮标和公园内其他地方的仪器收集。降水数据从几个地点收集，湖泊水位由美国地质勘探局测量站持续监测。主要工作将是在系统中应用各种一维混合和热通量垂直模型，利用气象数据集确定地表通量，并利用热敏电阻数据集进行模型参数化和验证。建模工作的长期目标包括最终建立这种超贫营养系统的初级和次级生产的生物模型，该模型必须包括对湖泊物理的适当描述。博士后研究员将与R. Collier（俄勒冈州立大学海洋学）和G. Larson（俄勒冈州立大学林业和国家森林服务中心）密切合作，将模型与正在进行的数据收集和实验设计相结合。

This proposal requests support for a postdoctoral investigator to assist in implementing state-of-the-art models of Crater Lake which couple the observed atmospheric forcing with the heat budget, lake circulation, and the hydrologic budget. Crater Lake, the deepest lake in the United States, is a closed-basin caldera lake, located at an elevation of 1882 meters in the Cascade mountains of south- central Oregon. Ongoing Limnological studies funded by the National Park Service will be expanded by a new six-year study of climatic control on the hydrologic budget, the heat budget, and on the circulation of the lake. This program, will be funded by the Park Service as part of the new "Integrated Studies of National Park Ecosystems" and will be tied in with other elements of the Olympic Peninsula Biogeographic Area. As part of this project, we have deployed a permanent thermistor mooring covering the full water column. This continuous data set is also supported by CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) data collected whenever the lake is accessible ( 3 months/year). Meteorological data is also being collected on the lake from a buoy and from instrumentation elsewhere within the Park. Precipitation data are collected from several locations and lake level is continuously monitored from a USGS gauging station. The primary effort will be the application of various one dimensional vertical models of mixing and heat fluxes in the system using the meteorological data sets to determine surficial fluxes and the thermistor data set for model parameterization and validation. Long-term goals for the modelling effort include the eventual development of a biological model of primary and secondary production for this ultra-oligotrophic system which must include a proper description of lake physics. The post-doctoral investigator will work closely with R. Collier (OSU Oceanography) and with G. Larson (NPS and OSU Forestry) to integrate the model(s) with on-going data collection and experimental design.