A Watershed Simulation Model with Vegetation

带有植被的流域模拟模型

• 批准号: 9220385
• 负责人: Jeffrey McDonnell
• 金额: $ 7.58万
• 依托单位: Utah State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-03-01 至 1994-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9220385&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Watershed; Simulation; Model; Vegetation

Development of accurate, computationally efficient simulation models for hydrologic processes and vegetation is needed for use in global climate models. Methods for validating such models need to be broader in scope and easier to implement on various time and length scales. The objective of this study is to develop and test a watershed simulation model which includes simulation of the response of vegetation to changing hydrologic conditions. An important objective of this study is to find out whether the hydrologic status of watersheds can be assessed accurately by using remote sensing observations of vegetation and simulation models. Our approach involves development of a watershed simulation model which integrates existing ground-based, airborne, and satellite observations of a watershed in the Uinta Mountains. The vegetaton distribution will be based on the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's digital vegetation database. The model will be used to simulate the response of vegetation (i.e., transpiration, assimilation, leaf growth the abcission) to environmental conditions and model values of soil moisture, soil temperature, streamflow, transpiration, surface temperature, leaf area, and assimilation will be compared to measured values. We will make new field measurements of soil moisture, temperature, transpiration, and photosynthesis. We will also use operational meteorological and hydrologic data for model initialization and validation. Finally, the sensitivity of predictions to model parameters will be investigated.

全球气候模型需要开发准确、计算高效的水文过程和植被模拟模型。 验证此类模型的方法需要范围更广，并且更容易在不同的时间和长度尺度上实施。 本研究的目的是开发和测试流域模拟模型，其中包括模拟植被对水文条件变化的响应。 本研究的一个重要目的是利用植被遥感观测和模拟模型来准确评估流域水文状况。 我们的方法涉及开发流域模拟模型，该模型集成了尤因塔山脉流域现有的地面、机载和卫星观测。 植被分布将基于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局的数字植被数据库。 该模型将用于模拟植被对环境条件的响应（即蒸腾作用、同化作用、叶片生长和脱落），并将土壤湿度、土壤温度、水流、蒸腾作用、表面温度、叶面积和同化作用的模型值与测量值进行比较。我们将对土壤湿度、温度、蒸腾作用和光合作用进行新的现场测量。 我们还将使用气象和水文业务数据进行模型初始化和验证。 最后，将研究预测对模型参数的敏感性。