Thermoregulation and Physiological Performance

体温调节和生理表现

• 批准号: 9220583
• 负责人: Ward Watt
• 金额: $ 26.5万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-05-15 至 1996-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9220583&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Thermoregulation; Physiological; Performance

Small strongly flying insects need not fly at high, narrow body temperatures, in terms of the balance of their heat gain or loss. Yet in fact they do so, and even have a variety of complex adaptations for actively regulating body temperature to high and narrow ranges. We will complete the study of how this thermal regulation works during flight itself, and how body temperature variation affects actual flight performance. To do this, we will first complete the construction of a computerized wind tunnel in which to carry out our experiments. Experimental use of this tool to examine a variety of specific issues in the heat-transfer biophysics and the temperature-dependence of flight lift and thrust will follow. We will also test an entirely new concept of why it is that intense animal activity, such as insect flight, is so invariably limited in its range of effective temperatures. This work will be important to a number of issues in basic biology, all revolving around the reasons why animals regulate their body temperatures, the range of ways in which they can do so, and their adaptations for making strenuous and demanding activity more efficient. It may also be extremely important to considering the possible damaging effects of global climate change, especially global warming, which may alter the thermal environments of such sensitive animals on a time scale much shorter than that of their ability to adjust.

小而有力的飞行昆虫不需要飞在高，窄 体温，就其热量获得的平衡而言， 损失然而事实上他们确实是这样做的，甚至有着各种各样的复杂性。 适应积极调节体温高， 范围狭窄。我们将完成对这种热的研究， 调节在飞行过程中起作用，以及体温如何 变化影响实际飞行性能。为此，我们将 首先完成计算机化风洞的建设， 来进行我们的实验实验性使用此工具 研究了传热过程中的各种具体问题， 生物物理学与飞行升力和推力的温度依赖性 也会随之我们还将测试一个全新的概念， 强烈的动物活动，比如昆虫的飞行， 其有效温度范围总是有限的。 这项工作将是重要的一些问题，在基础 生物学，都是围绕着动物为什么 他们的体温，他们可以这样做的方式的范围， 以及它们适应艰苦和高要求活动的能力 更有效率。这也可能是极其重要的考虑， 全球气候变化可能造成的破坏性影响，特别是 全球变暖，这可能会改变热环境， 敏感的动物在时间尺度上比他们的 调整的能力。