Generation of Metachronal Motor Patterns in Segmental Nervous Systems

节段神经系统异时性运动模式的生成

• 批准号: 9222470
• 负责人: Brian Mulloney
• 金额: $ 27.95万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-04-01 至 1996-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9222470&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Generation; Metachronal; Motor; Patterns; Segmental

The coordination of complex integrated movements is one of the most challenging tasks that faces the nervous system. An experimental approach that has proved very fruitful is the study of simple model systems. Crayfish have nervous systems where it is possible to identify a limited number of neurons that control swimming behavior. Dr. Mulloney has been a pioneer in the study of this nervous system. With NSF support he has found that the movement of each separate limb is driven by a specialized local circuit of neurons specific for that limb. Coordination of limb movements is controlled by a separate circuit of interneurons. This is a major advance in our understanding of movement control. With the renewal of this grant, Dr. Mulloney will be able to describe the synaptic organization of these local circuits and identify the properties necessary for normal coordination. He will also describe the cellular mechanisms by which inputs descending from higher centers can change the state of these local circuits to modulate swimming rate and direction. The results will have broad applications in the design of robot locomotion systems. The type of distributed control identified in this system is emerging as a general principle for the guidance of locomotion in multi-appendage systems.***//

复杂综合运动的协调是神经系统面临的最具挑战性的任务之一。简单模型系统的研究是一种卓有成效的实验方法。小龙虾有神经系统，在那里可以识别控制游泳行为的有限数量的神经元。Mulloney博士是研究这种神经系统的先驱。在国家科学基金会的支持下，他发现每一个肢体的运动都是由一个专门的局部神经元回路驱动的。肢体运动的协调是由一个独立的中间神经元回路控制的。这是我们对运动控制理解的一个重大进步。有了这笔拨款的续期，Mulloney博士将能够描述这些局部回路的突触组织，并确定正常协调所必需的特性。他还将描述来自高级中枢的输入可以改变这些局部电路的状态以调节游泳速度和方向的细胞机制。研究结果将在机器人运动系统的设计中有广泛的应用。在该系统中确定的分布式控制类型正在成为多附件系统运动指导的一般原则