Antarctic Ice Edge Bloom: Its Importance to Intermediate Trophic Levels

南极冰缘作为一个锋面系统， 对不同营养水平的影响。 在夏天， 初级生产者和微异养生物在融水中蓬勃发展 在冰层消退的透光层中形成的透镜 边缘 相比之下，对于寿命较长的消费物种， 一年或更长时间的世代，任何增强的现存种群 一定是移民到冰缘的结果 或生产到位。 这项研究将验证这一假设 夏季冰缘水华就像一块生物磁铁， 集中后生动物的消费者，并作为一个向南移动 一种促进浮游动物生长繁殖的发电机 物种 在斯科蒂亚-威德尔海地区进行的研究 在南方的夏天将集中在分布， 浮游动物和微浮游生物的丰度和生物活性 在开放水域水柱的上1000米处， 边缘冰区和浮冰区。 的 物理环境将被描述;范围和活动 冰缘浮游植物水华的分布将使用活体 荧光和初级生产的估计将作出。 将描述浮游动物/微浮游生物群落结构 利用光学浮游生物采样器的数据，以及网和 拖网 将评估浮游动物的生物活性 通过对代谢率、放牧率、产蛋量 速率、饮食和代谢酶活性。 所得到的数据 将描述浮游动物/微浮游生物群落结构，主要 营养关系、放牧影响和能量模式 对生活在研究区的物种的利用，清楚地表明 冰缘水华对中间营养型的影响 程度.

The Antarctic ice edge as a frontal system has different implications for different trophic levels. During summer, primary producers and microheterotrophs flourish in the meltwater lens that is created in the euphotic zone at the retreating ice edge. In contrast, for longer-lived consumer species with generation times of a year or more, any enhanced standing stocks at the ice edge must be the result of immigration to the ice edge or production in place. This research will test the hypothesis that the summer ice edge bloom acts as a biological magnet to concentrate metazoan consumers and as a southward moving generator facilitating growth and reproduction in zooplankton species. Research conducted in the Scotia-Weddell Sea region during the austral summer will focus on the distribution, abundance, and biological activity of zooplankton and micronekton in the upper 1000m of the water column in the open water, marginal ice zone, and pack ice regions of the study area. The physical environment will be described; the extent and activity of the ice edge phytoplankton bloom will be mapped using in vivo fluourescence and estimates of primary production will be made. Zooplankton/micronekton community structure will be characterized using data from an optical plankton sampler, as well as nets and trawls. Biological activity of zooplankton will be evaluated through studies of metabolic rate, grazing rate, egg production rate, diet, and metabolic enzyme activity. The resultant data will describe zooplankton/micronekton community structure, major trophic relationships, grazing impact, and patterns of energy utilization for species living in the study area, showing clearly the impact of the ice edge bloom on the intermediate trophic levels.