NSF Young Investigator/Analytical Neurochemistry

NSF 青年研究员/分析神经化学

• 批准号: 9257024
• 负责人: Jonathan Sweedler
• 金额: $ 32.15万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1998-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9257024&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Young; Investigator; Analytical; Neurochemistry

This National Science Foundation Young Investigator project is in the general area of analytical and surface chemistry and in the subfields of bioanalysis and neurochemistry. During the tenure of this five-year award, Professor Sweedler and his students will develop the analytical instrumentation and methodology capable of identifying and quantifying neuronal releasates from a single nerve terminal and the contents of individual varicosities, and then use those techniques to better understand the mechanisms of cellular communication. Specific thrusts include the development of capillary zone electrophoresis/laser induced fluorescence instrumentation and methodology to assay and quantitate the contents of individual varicosities and vesicles; demonstration of the capabilities of that instrumentation using cultured neurons; study of the distribution of neuropeptides within individual neurons of the giant marine mollusk Aplysia; quantitative measurement of the peptide content of individual varicosities along a nerve process; measurement of the release of neuropeptides from a single nerve terminal; and determination of whether facilitation in Aplysia neurons is due to enhancement of neurotransmitter release. %%% The successful attainment of the goals of this project will afford protocols for the reliable quantitation of analytes in the zeptomole range, thereby extending the sensitivity of conventional cell sampling techniques by over a thousand fold. This research will also serve to further bridge the scientific domains of analytical chemistry and cellular neurobiology, lead to a description of the subcellular dynamics of neuronal signalling, and contribute to our basic understanding of the nervous system.

这个美国国家科学基金会青年研究员项目涉及分析化学和表面化学的一般领域，以及生物分析和神经化学的子领域。在这个为期五年的奖项的任期内，Sweedler教授和他的学生将开发分析仪器和方法，能够识别和量化来自单个神经末梢的神经元释放和个体多样性的内容，然后使用这些技术来更好地理解细胞通信的机制。具体的推力包括毛细管区带电泳/激光诱导荧光仪器和方法的发展，以测定和定量单个静脉曲张和囊泡的内容；用培养的神经元演示该仪器的能力；巨型海洋软体动物海马神经元内神经肽分布的研究沿神经突个别静脉曲张肽含量的定量测定单个神经末梢神经肽释放量的测定；并确定泛海神经元的易化是否由于神经递质释放的增强。该项目目标的成功实现将为泽普莫里范围内分析物的可靠定量提供方案，从而将传统细胞取样技术的灵敏度提高一千倍以上。这项研究也将有助于进一步连接分析化学和细胞神经生物学的科学领域，导致对神经元信号传导的亚细胞动力学的描述，并有助于我们对神经系统的基本理解。