NSF Young Investigator: Structural Tailoring of Nanoscale Materials for Catalysis and Ceramics

NSF 青年研究员：催化和陶瓷纳米级材料的结构定制

• 批准号: 9257223
• 负责人: Jackie Ying
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1998-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9257223&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Young; Investigator; Structural; Tailoring

This is an NSF Young Investigator Award. The research addresses the processing of nanoscale materials with unusual surface reactivity and physical properties for catalysis and ceramic applications. One objective is to achieve highly dense materials at relatively low sintering temperatures by exploiting the small grain size and enhanced surface diffusion of nanometer-sized particles prepared by the gas condensation method. Structural evolution of the nanostructured materials is observed by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy. Mechanical properties of these materials are also analyzed for net-shape forming and high- temperature applications. Nanostructural composites are synthesized as supported metal catalysts; these materials should offer high metal dispersion and possibly enhanced catalytic activity, and can be engineered to have a high density of uniform nanoscale pores. The thermal stability, selectivity, and reactivity of nanostructure catalysts in chemical manufacturing processes are studied and compared to those of catalysts produced by sol-gel synthesis or traditional impregnation methods. Catalysts are characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering, Moessbauer spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, positron annihilation spectroscopy, and calorimetry. Reaction kinetics of processes using the novel catalysts are followed with high-temperature photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy.

这是NSF青年研究者奖。 研究 解决了纳米材料的处理与不寻常的 催化剂的表面反应性和物理性能， 陶瓷应用 一个目标是实现高度致密的材料， 相对较低的烧结温度， 晶粒尺寸和增强的表面扩散的纳米尺寸 通过气体冷凝法制备的颗粒。 结构 通过X射线衍射观察了纳米结构材料的演变 衍射、原子力显微镜和光声 红外光谱法 这些材料的机械性能 材料也分析了净成形和高， 温度应用。 纳米结构复合材料作为负载金属合成 催化剂;这些材料应提供高金属分散性 和 可能增强的催化活性，并且可以被设计成 具有高密度的均匀纳米级孔。 热 纳米结构稳定性、选择性和反应性 研究了化学制造过程中的催化剂， 与通过溶胶-凝胶合成制备的催化剂相比， 或传统的浸渍方法。 催化剂 其特征在于小角X射线散射，穆斯堡尔 光谱学，原子力显微镜，正电子湮没 光谱学和量热法。 过程的反应动力学 使用新的催化剂，随后进行高温 光声红外光谱