Model Supported Metal Catalysts

模型支持的金属催化剂

• 批准号: 9300754
• 负责人: Bruce Gates
• 金额: $ 9.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-11-01 至 1993-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9300754&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Model; Supported; Metal; Catalysts

Structurally simple, highly dispersed, supported metal catalysts are prepared and characterized. The catalysts are prepared from organometallic precursors which are converted into organometallic clusters of defined structures on the surfaces of basic supports (magnesia and lanthana); subsequent decarbonylation gives clusters of supported metal atoms with the same number of atoms as the precursors. The metals used in this study are iridium and platinum. Samples are characterized with infrared spectroscopy, extended X-ray adsorption fine structure (EXAFS), and transmission electron microscopy; catalytic activities and selectives are measured for hydrocarbon conversion reactions. This is a fundamental study of the effects of dispersion near the upper limit (or, equivalently, the effects of cluster size in small clusters) on the catalytic properties of metals. The issue is a critical one for the optimization of systems employing rare-metal catalysts for a variety of industry energy and environmental purposes.

制备了结构简单、高度分散的负载型金属催化剂，并对其进行了表征。该催化剂由有机金属前体制备而成，有机金属前体在基本载体（氧化镁和镧）表面转化为结构明确的有机金属团簇；随后的脱碳反应得到与前体原子数量相同的支撑金属原子簇。在这项研究中使用的金属是铱和铂。采用红外光谱、扩展x射线吸附精细结构（EXAFS）和透射电镜对样品进行表征；测定了烃类转化反应的催化活性和选择性。这是一项接近上限的分散效应（或等价地，小簇中簇大小的影响）对金属催化性能的基础研究。这个问题对于优化各种工业能源和环境目的的使用稀有金属催化剂的系统至关重要。