U.S.-Japan Cooperative Research: An Approach to Tailored Metal Catalysts Involving Single and Multi-Metal Surface Sites

美日合作研究：涉及单金属和多金属表面位点的定制金属催化剂的方法

• 批准号: 9016911
• 负责人: Bruce Gates
• 金额: $ 0.03万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-04-01 至 1992-09-01
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9016911&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; Japan; Cooperative; Research; Approach

This award provides support for a two year cooperative project on metal catalysts, between a group from Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, lead by Professor Bruce C Gates and a group from the Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Japan, lead by Professor Yasuhiro Iwasawa. Metals are some of the most important catalysts used in technology, and the common form of the catalyst used in practice consists of small metal particles dispersed on a high-area support. These metals, however, are non-uniform in nature and therefore difficult to understand fully. This project will involve the bringing together of two complementary approaches to the investigation of metal catalysts developed by the teams in the US and Japan, namely the single-crystal surface science approach, and the surface organometallic chemistry approach. The catalysts to be studied will be made from several precursors on single crystals of MgO and Mg with a few layers of oxygen. These catalysts will then be converted to rhenium subcarbonyls, intended to be isolated mononuclear groups, pairs of these groups, and ensembles of three of these groups, respectively. Finally the samples will be treated to remove the carbonyl ligands and reduce the metal with minimum perturbation of the nuclearity. The structures at each stage will be characterized using a number of physical methods including scanning tunnel microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and ultrahigh vacuum techniques. Both Professor Gates and Professor Iwasawa are highly competent scientists with reputations for being innovators in catalyst design and preparation. This project should yield precise structural information characterizing the highly dispersed metal entities, as well as the metal support interface, and hopefully the results will demonstrate the relationship between the structure and catalytic properties of these materials.

该奖项为一个为期两年的金属催化剂合作项目提供支持，该项目由布鲁斯·C·盖茨教授领导的特拉华大学化学工程系的一个小组和由岩泽康弘教授领导的日本东京大学化学系的一个小组组成。金属是技术中使用的一些最重要的催化剂，而实践中使用的催化剂的常见形式是由分散在高区域载体上的小金属颗粒组成的。然而，这些金属本质上是不均匀的，因此很难完全理解。该项目将结合美国和日本团队开发的两种互补方法来研究金属催化剂，即单晶表面科学方法和表面金属有机化学方法。所要研究的催化剂将由几种前驱体在氧化镁和镁单晶上加几层氧制成。然后，这些催化剂将被转化为亚羰基Re，它们分别是孤立的单核基团、成对的这些基团和这些基团中的三个基团。最后，将对样品进行处理，以去除羰基配体，并在最小程度上扰动核性的情况下还原金属。每个阶段的结构将使用许多物理方法进行表征，包括扫描隧道显微镜、红外光谱和超高真空技术。盖茨教授和岩泽教授都是非常能干的科学家，他们都是催化剂设计和制备方面的创新者。该项目将产生精确的结构信息，表征高度分散的金属实体以及金属载体界面，并希望结果将证明这些材料的结构和催化性能之间的关系。