Exports of Ozone and Its Precursors from the Nothern Mid-Latitudes Continents

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9304217 Jacob This is a 3 year program of modeling and data analysis to study the exports of ozone, reactive nitrogen oxides, non-methane hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide form the northern mid-latitudes continents to the global atmosphere, and to assess the resulting anthropogenic perturbation to global tropospheric ozone. The work will involve full-year simulations using a 3 dimensional chemical tracer model (CTM). The first stage of the project will focus on North America and outflow regions. Specific issues to be addressed in that stage include (1) the fate of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen oxides emitted in the U.S., (2) the yield of ozone per unit reactive nitrogen oxides emitted, (3) the exports of ozone and its precursors form North America to the global atmosphere, and (4)_ the usefulness of peroxides as tracers of photochemical activity. The second stage of the project will involve expansion of the CTM to the scale of the extratropical northern hemisphere. Specific issues to be addressed in that stage include: (1) the exports of ozone and its precursors from Europe and Asia, (2) the yield of ozone per unit reactive nitrogen oxides in the remote atmosphere, (3) the effect of human activity on ozone levels in the extratropical northern hemisphere, and (4) the cross-tropopause transport of ozone.