Molecular Genetic Studies of Human Evolutionary History

在过去的几年里，围绕着现代人——智人的起源展开了一场激烈的争论。其中大部分涉及对新的分子遗传数据（来自线粒体DNA）的解释，这些数据最初是为了支持“夏娃”假说，即现代人类是在相对较近的时期从非洲爆发出来的，取代了全球各地的古人类形式(而不是现代人类起源的“多区域”假说，该假说认为现代人类与更古老的化石发现有关系，例如，现代中国人和北京人之间的关系；生活在大约30万年前)。尽管这一争论引起了极大的兴趣，但由于一些理论上的原因，它仍未得到解决。该项目将通过以下方式对夏娃与多区域假说进行更严格的测试：1)制定和测试现代人类起源的定量模型；2)提供显著性水平、置信限和能力分析；3)使用核和线粒体DNA标记。这项研究将分析来自三个主要大陆人口的75名代表的样本材料。将分析至少150个线粒体DNA标记，以及至少70个核标记，包括Y染色体上的9个。* * * P人类学\ jfried \ \ 9310105。abs # # 5 ' ' m5 ' ' ' 5 * * 6,, C6:: y6 - - B N N B R；V ?V CV”​!!!D (Times New Roman Symbol & Arial | | | Z " h G %M %L % p = Jonathan Friedlaender

ABSTRACT P.I. Alan Rogers SBR-9310105 During the past several years, a vigorous controversy has surrounded the origins of modern people, Homo sapiens. Much of this involves the interpretation of the new molecular genetic data (from mitochondrial DNA) originally marshalled in support of the "Eve" hypothesis for a relatively recent explosion of modern humans out of Africa, replacing archaic forms of humans around the globe (as opposed to the "multiregional" hypothesis of modern human origins, which sees evidence of modern human population relationships to older fossil finds - for example, a relation between modern Chinese and Pekin Man, who lived some 300,000 years ago). While this argument has generated a great deal of interest, it remains unresolved for a number of theoretical reasons. This project will provide a more rigorous test of the Eve vs. the Multiregional hypotheses by 1) formulating and testing quantitative models of modern human origins: 2) providing significance levels, confidence limits, and power analyses: and 3) using nuclear as well as mitochondrial DNA markers. The study will analyze materials from a sample comprising 75 representatives of each of three major continental populations. At least 150 mitochondrial DNA markers will be analyzed, and also at least 70 nuclear markers, including 9 on the Y chromosome. *** P\anthro\jfried\9310105.abs # # 5 " " m5 " " 5 ' ' 5 * * 6 , , C6 : : y6 - - B N N B R;V ?V CV " ! ! ! D ( Times New Roman Symbol & Arial | | | Z " h G %M %L % p = Jonathan Friedlaender Jonathan Friedlaender