Molecular Genetic Studies of Human Evolutionary History

摘要P.I.艾伦·罗杰斯SBR-9310105在过去的几年里，围绕现代人的起源展开了激烈的争论。这在很大程度上涉及到对新的分子遗传数据(来自线粒体DNA)的解释，该数据最初是为了支持“夏娃”假说，即现代人类在全球范围内出现了相对较新的爆炸性增长，取代了古老的人类形式(与现代人类起源的“多区域”假说相反，后者认为现代人类与更古老的化石发现有关系的证据--例如，现代中国人与生活在大约30万年前的北京人之间的关系)。虽然这一争论引起了人们的极大兴趣，但由于许多理论原因，它仍然没有得到解决。该项目将通过1)建立和测试现代人类起源的定量模型：2)提供显著水平、置信限和力量分析；以及3)使用核和线粒体DNA标记，对EVE和多区域假说进行更严格的测试。这项研究将分析样本中的材料，样本包括三个主要大陆群体中每一个群体的75名代表。将分析至少150个线粒体DNA标记，以及至少70个核标记，其中包括Y染色体上的9个。*P\anthro\jfred\9310105.abs#5“”M5“”5‘’5**6，，C6：：Y6--B N N B R；V？V CV“！！！D(Times新罗马符号&A；Arial||Z“h G%M%L%p=Jonathan Friedlaender Jonathan Friedlaender

ABSTRACT P.I. Alan Rogers SBR-9310105 During the past several years, a vigorous controversy has surrounded the origins of modern people, Homo sapiens. Much of this involves the interpretation of the new molecular genetic data (from mitochondrial DNA) originally marshalled in support of the "Eve" hypothesis for a relatively recent explosion of modern humans out of Africa, replacing archaic forms of humans around the globe (as opposed to the "multiregional" hypothesis of modern human origins, which sees evidence of modern human population relationships to older fossil finds - for example, a relation between modern Chinese and Pekin Man, who lived some 300,000 years ago). While this argument has generated a great deal of interest, it remains unresolved for a number of theoretical reasons. This project will provide a more rigorous test of the Eve vs. the Multiregional hypotheses by 1) formulating and testing quantitative models of modern human origins: 2) providing significance levels, confidence limits, and power analyses: and 3) using nuclear as well as mitochondrial DNA markers. The study will analyze materials from a sample comprising 75 representatives of each of three major continental populations. At least 150 mitochondrial DNA markers will be analyzed, and also at least 70 nuclear markers, including 9 on the Y chromosome. *** P\anthro\jfried\9310105.abs # # 5 " " m5 " " 5 ' ' 5 * * 6 , , C6 : : y6 - - B N N B R;V ?V CV " ! ! ! D ( Times New Roman Symbol & Arial | | | Z " h G %M %L % p = Jonathan Friedlaender Jonathan Friedlaender