Dissertation Research: The Consequences of Selection for Increased and Decreased Glucosinolate Production in Brassica

小行星9310992 预测植物应该进化以对抗潜在食草动物的最佳防御“策略”的模型假设了防御的成本。 然而，对于辩护费用是否存在或以何种形式表现，没有普遍的一致意见。 这项研究将记录与芜菁中特定一组防御性化学物质（芥子油苷或芥子油）的生产相关的成本的存在或不存在。 这将使用人工选择实验来完成。 通过选择B.通过检查这种选择对其他非选择性状的影响，可以证明油菜的硫代葡萄糖甙含量、防御成本以及它们表现的形式。 潜在的成本将被视为植物存活、生长和繁殖、叶单宁含量、叶毛和耐受草食动物损害的能力降低的形式。 此外，还将研究这种选择对专家（粉蝶）和多面手（粉纹夜蛾）草食动物实现抗性的后果。 阐明与防御相关的成本对基础科学很重要，因为它将帮助我们确定植物对食草动物施加的选择的进化反应如何以及何时受到限制。 此外，它对应用科学也很重要，因为食草动物是农业、林业和园艺的主要害虫。 控制其危害的最常用方法是使用化学农药，这可能会造成严重的环境后果。 了解植物防御系统的进化可以帮助我们确定何时培育抗草食动物植物在经济上是可行的，从而减少我们对化学农药的依赖。 *** F G H I J K L M N O P Q S T U V W X \ _ ` a B c d 官网�i� m n o p q r s t u v w x y z { 小行星9310992 预测植物应该进化以对抗潜在食草动物的最佳防御“策略”的模型 一 我 J N W } ~ ! ! ! F ! F ( Times New Roman 符号Arial " H + e+ e X 论文摘要研究 伊丽莎白·M伊丽莎白·M. Behrens

9310992 Marquis Models that predict the optimal defense 'strategy' that plants should evolve to combat potential herbivores have assumed a cost of defense. However, there is no general agreement as to whether costs of defense exist or in what form they may be manifested. This research will document the presence or absence of costs associated with the production of a specific group of defensive chemicals (glucosinolates or mustard oils) in Brassica rapa. This will be done using artificial selection experiments. By selecting populations of B. rapa for glucosinolate content, costs of defense and the form in which they are manifested can be documented by examining the effects of this selection on other, non-selected characters. Potential costs will be looked for in the form of reduced plant survival, growth, and reproduction, leaf tannin content, leaf hairiness, and ability to tolerate herbivore damage. Further, the consequences this selection has for realized resistance against a specialist (Pieris rapae) and a generalist (Trichoplusia ni) herbivore will also be examined. %%% Elucidation of the costs associated with defense is important to basic science in that it will help us to determine how and when the evolutionary response of plants to selection imposed by herbivores may be constrained. In addition it is important to applied science, because herbivores are major pests of agriculture, forestry and horticulture. The most common method used to control their damage is the application of chemical pesticides, which can have serious environmental consequences. Understanding the evolution of defenses in plant s can help us determine when breeding herbivore resistant plants is economically practical, thereby decreasing our reliance on chemical pesticides. *** F G H I J K L M N O P Q S T U V W X \ _ ` a b c d f g h i j k m n o p q r s t u v w x y z { 9310992 Marquis Models that predict the optimal defense 'strategy' that plants should evolve to combat potential herbivores A I J N w } ~ ! ! !f ! F ( Times New Roman Symbol & Arial " h + e+ e X Abstract Dissertation Research Elizabeth M. Behrens Elizabeth M. Behrens