RISE: Using Precision Photometry of Sun-Like Stars to Estimate Long-Term Solar Variability

对33颗类太阳恒星长达9年的观测提供了诱人的证据，表明自1978年以来对太阳辐照度变化的测量大大低估了太阳长期亮度变化的潜力。这些恒星观测还表明，视觉亮度的变化和磁活动的变化并不简单相关，正如根据太阳黑子和其他太阳数据重建长期太阳辐照度波动所假定的那样。该项目将把观测时间序列延长三年（即相当于一个完整的“太阳”周期），在472纳米和551纳米处提供一套独特的不间断的精确光度测量。在与香港威尔森山天文台（Mount Wilson Observatory）的独立资助项目密切合作下，PI将比较太阳和类似恒星的磁场和亮度变化，以描绘太阳的长期变化特征。恒星和太阳的亮度变化显然与色球活动有关，但这种关系是复杂的，需要进一步阐明。PI将建立长期亮度变化的形态和统计数据，特别是关于诸如太阳“蒙德极小期”等人们知之甚少的现象的问题。#

Nine years' observations of 33 sunlike stars offer tantalizing evidence that the sun's potential for long-term brightness variability is significantly understate by measurements of solar irradiance variations since 1978. These stellar observations also show that changes in visual brightness and magnetic activity are not simply correlated, as has been presumed in reconstructions of long-term solar irradiance fluctuations from sunspot and other solar data. This project will extend the observational time series for three years (that is, comparable with one full "solar" cycle), providing a unique unbroken set of precision photometric measurements at 472 nm and 551 nm. In close collaboration with the separately funded HK program at Mount Wilson Observatory that monitors the chromospheric (magnetic) activity of these stars, the PI will compare magnetic and brightness variations of the sun and similar stars in an effort to characterize long-term solar variability. Stellar and solar brightness variations are clearly linked to chromospheric activity, but the relationship is complex and requires further elucidation. The PI will establish the morphology and statistics of long-term brightness variability with particular regard to the question of poorly understood phenomena such as the solar "Maunder minimum." #